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Tips to bring the birds into your garden this winter

Feeding the birds in our gardens is a growing activity with over 26 per cent of the UK adult population feeding our nations birds, providing local birds and other wildlife with supplementary food and encouraging nature to thrive.

Despite the growing trend in bird feeding across the country, figures from the 2012 RSPB Big Garden Birdwatch show just how bird populations have declined in recent years to reach an all time low since the survey began more than thirty years ago.

Traditionally common birds, such as the unmistakable glossy purple green Starling, are seeing the most rapid decline in numbers. The Starling is now red listed as a bird of high conservation concern with other bird species such as house sparrows, blackbirds and robins also in decline.

Frances Halstead from The Surrey Wildlife Trust shares her top five tips on looking after our garden birds this winter and turning your garden into a haven for wildlife:

1. Don’t be too tidy in your garden – Try and leave flowering plants to die and set seed, these seeds are an important source of food for garden birds.

2. Provide a variety of food for the birds in your garden – You’ll attract more varieties of birds with a mixture of seeds, nuts, fat balls and mealworms

3. Keep your bird table and feeder clean to prevent the spread of infection

4. Provide plenty of water for your garden birds, its important for them to be able to clean their feathers as well as drink from this

5. Plant berry bearing shrubs, this will provide a great source of food and shelter

The team at Squires garden centre have suggested wildlife-friendly plants and shrubs to attract birds into your garden;

1. Pyracantha – This thorny evergreen shrub produce bitter berries perfect for birds to feed off and also provides dense cover for roosting and nesting birds.

2. Cotoneaster – These shrubs produce bright red berries, which are highly attractive to blackbirds and thrushes.

3. Salix Caprea Pendula – A common species of willow, this deciduous shrub often contains aphids and sawflies in its leaves, perfect for birds to feast on!

4. Lonicera – Commonly known as the honeysuckle, with over 180 species, climbing types will attract greenfly and in turn, garden birds.

5. Ivy – Mature Ivy covering a wall makes an ideal nesting place as well as housing insects too!

Gardener: Make a dazzling winter garden




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Gardener: Make a dazzling winter garden
Graphic/Photo Slug:SH12J158GARDENER
JOE LAMP’L
Scripps Howard News Service
10-22-12

When it comes to garden design, the vibrant colors of spring and summer are the first things we consider. After all, that’s when we use our gardens the most. But with just a bit of planning and effort, the winter landscape can be unique and interesting, too. The key is diversity. A variety of textures, colors and forms will take a winter landscape from dull to dazzling.

Start by choosing plants that don’t all look the same after their leaves drop in fall. Contrast shapes (round vs. triangular, weeping vs. upright), textures (coarse vs. fine) and colors (intense vs. pale, dark vs. bright, warm vs. cool). Set up a strong contrast between elements, such as red berries against the white snow; or thin, feathery grasses in front of stiff, upright evergreens. Balance these strong elements with more subtle colors and textures.

If hungry birds and animals don’t get them, many fruits ripen in late summer and fall. They hang on through the winter, making bright punctuation marks on the landscape. Deciduous hollies, chokeberry, coralberry, heavenly bamboo and hawthorn all feature colorful fruits.

After trees and shrubs drop their leaves, their inner beauty comes through in brightly colored stems that grow richer in hue as the temperature drops. Dogwoods, Japanese kerria and many willows offer bright green, yellow and red accents to the winter garden.

Witchhazel and Christmas rose really command attention because their flowers are so unexpected. Most evergreens feature some varieties that burst with color. Try a golden or bluish conifer or a variegated broadleaf like euonymus. There are endless sizes, shapes and textures to work in any landscape.

The scaffold, the trees’ and shrubs’ bare bones, really put on a show in the winter when the foliage is out of the way. The wings on the stems of a burning bush or the spidery traces of Boston ivy snaking along a wall are wonderful surprises. Harry Lauder’s walking stick and corkscrew willow have tremendously twisted branches.

Herbaceous perennials that die back in the winter also add structure. Golden brown and tan grasses look great popping out of the snow, adding a lazy movement that only shows up at this time of year. Purple coneflower, black-eyed Susan and other stiff-stemmed flowers stand up to winter winds and provide a little food for wild birds. Pigsqueak turns a vibrant, golden orange while keeping its ground hugging form. Yucca shoots blossoms to the sky like winter fireworks.

In winter, bark becomes a powerful landscape element. Stewartia and river birch have exfoliating bark that peels off in distinctive shapes. Silver green honey locust and smooth, bronze cherry are also effective players.

Select just a few places to highlight: the front door, views from a favorite room, and the most visible front corner of the lot are good places to feature. Draw a rough plan of the design, first concentrating on shapes, textures and colors. Then select favorite plants that work in your USDA zone and in the various exposures and microclimates in your unique location.

Remember colorful twigs will fade and scaffold shapes change as the plant matures. Keep everything trimmed in a pruning routine that will encourage a fresh crop of striking new growth year after year. And make a habit to tidy up the garden in the fall so it will start winter off looking fit.

(Joe Lamp’l, host of “Growing a Greener World” on PBS, is a Master Gardener and author. Visit www.joegardener.com. For more stories, visit www.shns.com.)

Bytes: 34,816 Word Count: 0579

Garden club plans wreath-making workshop in time for the holidays

Wire, straw, grapevine, evergreen and more are just the beginnings for making holiday wreaths for a welcoming and festive holiday season. Learn to make wreaths at “The Wonderful World of Wreaths” workshop sponsored by the Holland Garden Club.
Holland Garden Club members and floral designers Rose Albers and Nancy Bolt will be sharing ideas and techniques for making wreaths at the club’s Nov.1 workshop. The day begins with a 10 a.m. workshop, followed by a 11:30 a.m. meeting and a noon box lunch at First Reformed Church, 630 State St.
Albers, a floral designer and instructor, hosts floral design workshops for members and guests at her home. She is one of the chairman of the Ottawa County Flower Show and an award-winning floral designer.

Bolt is also an award-winning flower show entrant and floral designer. Both are past presidents of the Holland Garden Club.
Members and guests are invited to bring their own materials to the workshop. According to Bolt, they will help participants “turn out the most gorgeous wreaths you can imagine.” Suggested materials to bring for the wreath making workshop include any type of wreath, pine cones, fresh and dried materials, wrapped candies, ornaments and ribbon.

The workshop will provide the opportunity for members and guests to create  holiday wreaths for their homes and the club’s fundraiser “Festival of Wreaths” to be held on Nov. 29 at the Holland Area Arts Council. Taking place 6-8 p.m., the evening will include wine, live music, hors d’ oeuvres and a chance to bid on decorated wreaths. Tickets are $15 and available at the workshop and from garden club members. Chairmen for the fundraiser are Alyce Doss and Laura Tonar.

Marge DuBois, Joan Serr and Rose Bush will be hosting the wreath making workshop.
For program information, contact Alyce Doss, (616) 335-3394. For luncheon reservations by Oct. 25, contact Lois Kayes at (616) 335-8407.

Teacher’s student garden workshop on Saturday

Teaching a child to grow a plant involves much more than learning basic horticulture.

In addition to garden design and maintenance, children will learn about plant biology, harvesting techniques and safe produce handling. They will develop an awareness of plant ecology, the effects of weather on plants, and how to work as part of a team with a common goal. And they’ll have a feeling of self- confidence and personal satisfaction when harvesting their first tomato or see a sunflower open from a seed that they planted.

The Master Gardeners of San Luis Obispo County wants to help foster these important life lessons by offering a workshop to assist school teachers, parents and others with con necting their school garden to classroom instruction.

The workshop is open to all teachers, school staff, parents and volunteers who work with children at a school-based garden. Each attendee will receive a curriculum binder with lesson plans that incorporate California’s instructional standards.

The garden-based learning workshop will be held at the school garden plot in the Gar den of the Seven Sisters in San Luis Obispo. The Garden of the Seven Sisters has 18 different themed gardens, including one designed specifically to demonstrate a school garden.

The workshop – from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. Saturday – will be at 2156 Sierra Way, San Luis Obispo. It includes garden snacks. The fee is $25 per person to help cover the cost of workshop materials. Register at http://ucanr.org/gardenbasedlearning  . For more in formation, contact Maria Murrietta at (805)781-5946 or http://ucanr.org/sites/mgslo.

GOT A GARDENING QUESTION?M/h3

Contact the University of California Cooperative Extension Master Gardeners at 781-5939 on Mondays and Thursdays from 1 to 5 p.m. in San Luis Obispo; at 473-7190 from 10 a.m. to noon in Arroyo Grande; or at 434-4105 on Wednesdays from 9 a.m. to noon in Templeton. Visit the UCCE Master Gardeners Web site at http://groups.ucanr.org/slomg or e-mail mgsanluisobispo@ucdavis.edu.

Landscaping lab installs irrigation system on campus

Cathie Lavis has taught Horticulture 550, a course designed to teach students to install professional-grade irrigation systems, at K-State for 15 years. After becoming the first college professor to collaborate with the Irrigation Association, recognized as the national authority on the subject, while developing her curriculum, Lavis spent two years teaching the class entirely in an indoor lab.

“After two years of being inside, I went to my department head, and I said, ‘I just can’t do this anymore,’” Lavis said. “‘I have to get these kids out in the field.’”

Lavis, an associate professor, began to devise a plan to put her class to work outside the lab. She contacted local contractors, offering her students as manual laborers to install a system for an existing client. Lavis initially faced hesitation from university administrators, who feared that aligning a class with a single contractor could alienate their competitors.

“We found a way around that problem,” Lavis said. “We use a different company every year, and after the project is done, whichever company sends a bill to the client for all labor and components.”

According to Lavis, the client is informed beforehand that the area where the system is installed will be “torn up” for six to eight weeks to allow the work to be done during class time. The client pays a majority of the total bill to the contractor, with 15 percent set aside for Lavis’ teaching account to cover parts and labor.

This semester’s system was installed at the K-State Gardens facility north of Call Hall. Typically, Lavis said, the system is installed at a location off campus, but several factors influenced her decision to stay on campus this year.

In March, K-State hosted PLANET Student Career Days, a three-day, industry-sponsored landscaping competition. According to Lavis, all leftover supplies are left with the host school.

“We had irrigation heads, we had pallets of pavers,” she said. “We had so much stuff left over from PLANET it wasn’t even funny.”

Lavis also said that the director of K-State Gardens has wanted an irrigation system for years. The system will be used to water turf, several plant beds and a putting green installed by a golf course class to practice mowing techniques.

According to Andrew McNeive, senior in horticulture and landscape design, installing the system was hard work, but he enjoyed the class.

“We’ve been out here since August, the second week of school,” said McNeive, joking that his class with seven students, as opposed to Lavis’ other class with 20, did most of the hard work. “We like to have fun out here.”

Mike Fitzgerald, senior in landscape management and horticulture, said it was interesting to watch the system develop.

“There was nothing here when we started,” he said. “We tapped in to the main water line, and next thing you know, we have a full irrigation system in.”

Lavis said that water management is one of the subjects she emphasizes most in her class. 

“It’s very, very important,” she said. “I show them all the products in our industry designed to conserve water.”

Lavis also noted the importance of her students diagnosing problems within the system and fixing them on their own.

“That’s the beauty of it,” she said. “When a problem comes up, and they think about it, and the light comes on. It’s beautiful to watch.”


Growing a sense of place

When Chuck and Petra Meinke’s two kids were in high school and going to formal dances, the garden was the place to gather for group photos.

“We had a lot of prom pictures out here,” said Petra, surveying the textured tapestry of foliage that fills their Apple Valley back yard.

The little footbridge at the edge of the pond, framed by gracefully draping weeping willows, was an especially popular place to strike a pose. “It would be a great place for a wedding,” Petra noted. (Not that she’s hinting, mind you.)

The Meinkes’ landscape wasn’t always so photogenic. When they built their house in 1991, the land was marshy and choked with weeds.

“The nettles were this high,” Chuck said, gesturing well above his head.

Landscaping their unruly lot was a DIY affair from start to finish. “We didn’t order a service,” said Petra. “We didn’t have the money.”

She gives Chuck most of the credit for creating their masterpiece, noting his back-breaking work hauling and placing the rocks and boulders that give their landscape its “bones.”

“I look at some of these rocks and wonder, ‘How the heck did I move that?'” Chuck said.

He may have done more of the heavy lifting, but Petra contributed to the aesthetics.

“She’s the artsy one,” he said. He seeks her advice when placing individual plants and designing mass plantings, which they lay out first with a garden hose to get the curve just right.

European entry

The Meinkes started in front, aiming for a sheltered courtyard effect with a bit of European flair.

“Here in front we keep a European look — as best we can in Minnesota,” Petra said, who grew up in Germany. Chuck was raised in a military family and traveled extensively as a child. “I got exposed to a lot of gardens all over the world,” he said. “The Alhambra [in Granada, Spain] is my favorite. I also love Versailles.”

The landscaping leading to their front door has a cosmopolitan air, with dwarf evergreens, arborvitae in pots, lion statuary and the Kentucky coffee tree Chuck had always wanted. The courtyard gets hot in summer, but during the cooler spring and fall months, it’s where they like to congregate with neighbors over a beer.

The back yard presented a much bigger challenge — on a much bigger canvas. Today it looks less like a suburban back yard than a well-groomed park or estate, with terraces, wide, meandering walking paths framed by foliage of every color and dozens of colorful container plantings as accents.

The spacious garden looks like it could keep a full-time groundskeeper busy, but Chuck insists it’s less labor-intensive than it appears. He planned the shady garden with hardy perennials to be low-maintenance.

“I tried to pick stuff you don’t have to spend a huge amount of time on,” he said, including ferns, ligularia, ground covers and 110 varieties of hosta. “We needed plants that take care of themselves.”

It’s true that the garden is “a beast” for a couple of weeks every spring, Chuck conceded. But most of the growing season he spends only an hour or two a week working on their landscape.

A fair amount of that time is spent raking up debris from the picturesque weeping willows. “They make a mess,” Chuck said. “When we planted them they were about 5 feet tall and about an inch around. Now they’re ginormous.”

Serenity in the city

The little footbridge that creates a focal point at the water’s edge was built by Petra’s father. “He used to come from Germany for four to six weeks, and we had to keep him busy,” Petra said with a laugh.

The Meinkes have continued to add to their landscape, installing two smaller ponds closer to the house and, most recently, an outdoor fireplace.

“It’s a great place to entertain,” Petra said. “We did an Oktoberfest with a real band in lederhosen and 100 people, just like in Germany.”

First-time guests are always taken aback when they see the back yard. “People don’t expect it,” Petra said. “They say, ‘Wow! This is like an arboretum.'”

And there are plenty of first-time guests, in part because strangers often wander through the garden, just to have a look. “People say, ‘You guys should charge admission,'” Petra said. “That’s not what this is about.”

What it’s about is creating a refuge of peace and tranquility.

“We both had high-stress jobs,” Petra said. She’s a recently retired marketing manager; he’s an even more recently retired corporate compliance security manager.

“We never wanted a cabin,” she said. “This kind of took the place of a cabin. It’s as serene as it can be, while being in the city. Coming home to this — it’s my haven, my little paradise.”

And even though they’re now retired, they have no intention of leaving. “I put all that work in.” Chuck said. “I’m not going to move south or downsize.”

Kim Palmer • 612-673-4784

SRDC: Let the fall gardening begin

At the Sacramento
River Discovery Center’s
two acre garden the recent
cooler weather has
spurred a flurry of activity.

The work in the garden
continues to be accomplished
by a group of fantastic
volunteers.

Spending some place
between one hour and ten
hours a week they have
changed the appearance
of the garden and have
started to do some
replanting.

Some of the new plants
have come from stock in
the garden, but working to
replace some plants lost
over the last few years the
Center has purchased
plants from California
Native Plant Society
members and Floral
Native Nursery.

New maps of the gardens
are being created to
help create different areas
for different types of landscape
needs.

The new version
will have a variety of
sections.

One will feature,
only local region, drought
tolerant natives, meaning
that once established, the
plants should survive the
summers using a miminal
amount of water.

Another section will
feature native plants and
grasses that will need
shade and water during
the summer months.

There will be section that
will feature plants that are
drought tolerant and deer
resistant, but may not be
native to this section of
Northern California.

The garden has produced
some wonderful
native grasses such as
feather grass, maidenhair
and deer grass, Volunteer
Executive Director Bobie
Hughes said.

We will
have a good quantity of
these to sell at the

Fall
Fest Plant Sale from 9:30
am to 1:30 pm on Nov. 3.
With climate change a
reality it is important that
we work of preserve as
many different native
species as possible.

The
plants original locale
might be changing so we
are going to see if we can
help plants survive in
warmer and/or cooler and
drier conditions. It will be
like a large science experiment.

The SRDC will be
investing the monies
earned from the Plant
Sale to expand the number
of species grown and
we test to see about their
ability to withstand our
cold winters and hot summers.

Bill Greer of Bill
Greer’s landscaping and
one of the original garden
workers, is helping the
SRDC plan and install a
new timed water system.

Alsco Irrigation will be
helping the SRDC with
some donations of the
much needed materials.

Starting with larger
diameter piping and modern
emitters and sprayers
the garden should be even
more beautiful and take a
lot less of the gardener’s
time, Greer said. I will
be happy to help people
learn how develop a timed
system as well as to do
repairs with existing system.

Greer has spent 25
years in the landscape
business, in this area.

I will be happy to
meet with anyone looking
do convert to low water
use landscaping, Greer
said.

You can see my
work in the front of the
Pauline Davis pavilion at
the Fairground.

The SRDC is always
looking for volunteers to
help with the many projects,
including planting
of wild flower seeds and
propagating plants for the
Watershed Plant Sale.

The Center is at 1000
Sale Lane in the Mendocino
National Forest’s
Red Bluff Recreation
Area.

The Center will be
open Tuesday thru Saturdays
from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m.
until Nov. 15. After that
date the Center hours will
be 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. To set
up group visits call 527-
1196 or e-mail Bobie
Hughes at
bhughe1@tehamaed.org or visit the website:
www.srdc.tehama.k12.ca.us.

Tips for gardening with kids

sxc.hu

To retain a child’s interest, start a garden with the easiest and fastest-growing plants.

Cape Town – How can you encourage your children to garden this summer? Transforming a bare patch into a garden of flowers and vegetables is entirely achievable in a short time. It is also fun and educational for kids, who learn about plants, the seasons, wildlife, soil and how to grow their own food.

To retain a child’s interest, start a garden with the easiest and fastest-growing plants. This includes brightly coloured annuals such as nasturtiums, and vegetables that are relatively pest-free and quick to mature. Here is a list of plants that will impress children:

* Sunflowers are popular because they grow to impressive heights. Sow seeds directly into the ground in an open, sunny spot. The emerging plants need little after-care, apart from regular watering.

* Other popular annuals for children include nasturtiums, marigolds and alyssum. The first two are brightly coloured and attractive, and butterflies and bees love alyssum. Sow seeds now by scattering them on moist soil and gently raking them in. Water every day with a fine sprinkler.

* Pumpkins can be grown by placing seeds between two or three layers of damp kitchen towel. Put the parcel in a plastic container and leave in a cupboard. The children can check every few days to see whether the seeds have sprouted. As soon as they have, plant them in small pots, put in a partially shaded place and water regularly. Transplant seedlings into a composted bed when they are 5cm tall.Keep watered and mulched.

* The Jack and the Beanstalk associations make growing climbing French beans fun for children. Grow up a tepee of bamboo poles to make a “tent”. Place the seeds 15cm apart, directly below bamboo canes. Water liberally when flowers form.

* Most children love eating fresh strawberries, and if you buy young plants now, they will fruit this season. Grow in containers in good potting soil in a sunny spot. Although strawberries need soil kept moist at all times, they hate waterlogged soil. After harvesting, use the runners – the shoots they put out – to make new plants. This can be done easily and quickly by pegging down new runners in fresh compost in another pot, where they will take root.

* Tomatoes can be grown in containers on a patio, or in garden beds. Buy seedlings, scatter cherry tomato seed in a sunny bed or sow in small pots or a seed tray. Scatter on the surface of dampened compost; cover with cling film. As the plants grow, they will need to be attached to stakes. When ripened, tomatoes are magnets for little hands, especially cherry tomatoes. – Cape Argus

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Gardener: Make a dazzling winter garden

When it comes to garden design, the vibrant colors of spring and summer are the first things we consider. After all, that’s when we use our gardens the most. But with just a bit of planning and effort, the winter landscape can be unique and interesting, too. The key is diversity. A variety of textures, colors and forms will take a winter landscape from dull to dazzling. — Start by choosing plants that don’t all look the same after their leaves drop in fall. Contrast shapes (round vs. triangular, weeping vs. upright), textures (coarse vs. fine) and colors (intense vs. pale, dark vs. bright, warm vs. cool). Set up a strong contrast between elements, such as red berries against the white snow; or thin, feathery grasses in front of stiff, upright evergreens. Balance these strong elements with more subtle colors and textures.

If hungry birds and animals don’t get them, many fruits ripen in late summer and fall. They hang on through the winter, making bright punctuation marks on the landscape. Deciduous hollies, chokeberry, coralberry, heavenly bamboo and hawthorn all feature colorful fruits.

After trees and shrubs drop their leaves, their inner beauty comes through in brightly colored stems that grow richer in hue as the temperature drops. Dogwoods, Japanese kerria and many willows offer bright green, yellow and red accents to the winter garden.

Witchhazel and Christmas rose really command attention because their flowers are so unexpected. Most evergreens feature some varieties that burst with color. Try a golden or bluish conifer or a variegated broadleaf like euonymus. There are endless sizes, shapes and textures to work in any landscape.

PHOTO: With just a bit of planning and effort, the winter landscape can be unique and interesting. (SHNS photo courtesy Joe Lamp'l)

The scaffold, the trees’ and shrubs’ bare bones, really put on a show in the winter when the foliage is out of the way. The wings on the stems of a burning bush or the spidery traces of Boston ivy snaking along a wall are wonderful surprises. Harry Lauder’s walking stick and corkscrew willow have tremendously twisted branches.

Herbaceous perennials that die back in the winter also add structure. Golden brown and tan grasses look great popping out of the snow, adding a lazy movement that only shows up at this time of year. Purple coneflower, black-eyed Susan and other stiff-stemmed flowers stand up to winter winds and provide a little food for wild birds. Pigsqueak turns a vibrant, golden orange while keeping its ground hugging form. Yucca shoots blossoms to the sky like winter fireworks.

In winter, bark becomes a powerful landscape element. Stewartia and river birch have exfoliating bark that peels off in distinctive shapes. Silver green honey locust and smooth, bronze cherry are also effective players.

Select just a few places to highlight: the front door, views from a favorite room, and the most visible front corner of the lot are good places to feature. Draw a rough plan of the design, first concentrating on shapes, textures and colors. Then select favorite plants that work in your USDA zone and in the various exposures and microclimates in your unique location.

Remember colorful twigs will fade and scaffold shapes change as the plant matures. Keep everything trimmed in a pruning routine that will encourage a fresh crop of striking new growth year after year. And make a habit to tidy up the garden in the fall so it will start winter off looking fit.

(Joe Lamp’l, host of “Growing a Greener World” on PBS, is a Master Gardener and author. Visit http://www.joegardener.com. For more stories, visit http://www.shns.com.)

nbsp

Yardsmart: Symmetrical cactus sets off modern design

 

The orderly nature of modern design appeals to our need for simplicity in a progressively complex world. The simple lines of both modern architecture and interiors offers respite from strip commercial, traffic and media where color and image change faster than ever.

There has been difficulty in understanding the relationship of plants to this style.

But one group of plants seems intrinsically suited to modern design. It is the cactus, but not all of them. Specific types of cacti are so remarkable in their symmetry that it is difficult to believe they are living things. Moreover, their uniformity of growth is so rigid that many individual plants can be used to create pattern and shape on a small scale.

Cacti best suited to modern design have round, symmetrical forms. These are often perfect globes that remain so throughout their lives. Only with time do they grow larger in size, but their surface details are static.

At Sunnylands, the former estate of the Annenberg family, an innovative modern garden was completed just over a year ago. Within its confines are examples of cactus in modern architecture on a grand scale, illustrating how to exploit uniformity of growth. However, the Achilles heel of such rigid uniform plantings is the reality that these are plants, and plants will die or sometimes be unpredictable. If one of 100 identical golden cacti is lost, only a replacement of the exact size and age can fill the void.

Cacti are perhaps even better suited to modern interiors. Whether an apartment in New York City or an expansive period restoration in Palm Springs, Calif., the role of cactus as interior decor remains paramount.  So long as there is adequate light, and with most modern homes there is, these plants can become highly decorative elements. Here, too, the uniformity of growth allows multiplicity in design, with a series of identical plants emphasizing line or highlighting space.

To use cactus for decorative elements, it is essential to understand their primary needs to maintain perfect health and appearance over time.

Above all, cacti hail from areas of express drainage, which may be a ledge on a cliff face or a dry wash of nothing but sand and gravel. Any container selected to hold a cactus plant must be extremely well drained. Ensure this by choosing a pot with a very large drain hole in the bottom or with many perforations that enhance drainage potential throughout the soil mass.

Cactuses are watered so infrequently that a saucer is unnecessary. The key: The entire soil mass must be saturated, which can be done only if the pot is moved to a sink or bathtub for watering. There, it can either be set in water to wick moisture upward through the drain holes, or watered from the top by filling and allowing it to drain through a number of times consecutively.

Once saturated and entirely drained, the pot may be replaced to its original position.  If you’re worried about damaging the underlying surface, you can set a simple glass disk or tile underneath without jeopardizing the simplicity of its appearance.

There are more species of cactus grown in volume today than ever before. Gold, purple, maroon and blue are all color options provided by this willing group. When set in the perfect pot, each becomes a living sculpture. Whether a single specimen or a number of identical candidates, they remain perfectly streamlined and tidy living things to bring nature into the all too spartan interiors of today’s modern homes and rooms.

Maureen Gilmer is an author, horticulturist and landscape designer. Learn more at www.MoPlants.com. Contact mogilmer@yahoo.com or P.O. Box 891, Morongo Valley, CA 92256.