Author Archives:

Planting Containers

By Carol Stocker

This is the time to plant your seasonal containers with annals.

Anything that holds soil and has drainage holes in the bottom may be transformed into a container garden for terrestrial plants

For vibrant plant growth, the containers must provide adequate space for roots and soil media, allowing the plant to thrive.

Container gardening has been on the uptrend over the past five years and continues to grow in popularity, especially in urban areas where green space can be limited. But to ensure the most success, it is crucial for the 21 million households planting container gardens to pick the right plant for the pot.

Going the container route saves space, helps control pests and overcome soil issues, enabling the availability of home grown fresh produce without a yard. But it is important to choose a seed or a plant that was specifically developed for the compact container space.

When choosing what to use to fill containers, never use garden soil by itself no matter how good it looks or how well things grow in it out in the garden.

Container soils are often referred to as soilless or artificial media, because they contain no soil at all.

When these mixes are used, they should be moistened slightly before planting. Fill a tub with the media, add water and lightly fluff the media to dampen it.

When filling containers with media, don’t fill the pot to the top. Leave about a one inch space between the top of the soil and rim of the pot.

Soils for containers need to be well aerated and well drained while still being able to retain enough moisture for plant growth.

A regular fertilizer program is needed to keep plants growing well and attractive all season.

The choice of fertilizer analysis will depend on the kinds of plants you are growing. High nitrogen sources would be good for plants grown for their foliage while flowering and vegetable crops would prefer lower nitrogen and higher phosphorous types.

Plants that thrive in like soil, watering, and light conditions make successful combinations. When combining plants, size, texture, proportion, color, setting, and lighting all play a role.

Containers offer the advantage of being portable. As the seasons, temperature and light conditions change, you can move your containers to maintain the desired conditions for peak performance.

Most fruit bearing vegetables such as tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, squash, and eggplant require full sun.

Leafy vegetables such as lettuce, cabbage, collards, mustard greens, spinach, and parsley can tolerate more shady location compared to the root vegetables such as turnips, beets, radishes, carrots, and onions.

There are no hard and fast rules when it comes to watering. That is why you have to be watching your containers on a regular basis and understand the requirements of the plants you choose to put in the containers.

The best way to tell if a plant needs water is to feel the soil. And if the first inch or so of the soil is dry, water. Use enough water each time so water starts to drip out of the drainage holes.

When shopping for plants for containers, consider one of my favorite nurseries, Lake Street Garden Center, 37 Lake St., Salem, N.H. (tel 603-893-5858) The selection is so large and the quality is so good, it really is worth a trip.

AgrAbility Project helps with Gardening tips

Amber Wolfe, AgrAbility Project Coordinator, Arthritis Foundation and co host Tracy Forner talks about one of America’s most popular hobbies. 
According to a recent Greenhouse Management Online study, nearly 164 million homeowners in the US (49%) gardened in the past 12 months. In addition to the enjoyment it brings, gardening is also a great activity for maintaining range of motion, bone density and strength, joint flexibility, and overall quality of life.  However, many people feel they have to give up this popular pastime because of arthritis pain. Arthritis is the number one disability-causing disease in America, with nearly 50 million American’s having a diagnosis of at least one form of arthritis.

For information on the webinar go to www.tinyurl.com/garden-webinar .

Or visit www.agrability.org and go to the Latest News pod at the top of the page.

Cut corners with lazy gardening tips

Cut corners with lazy gardening tips

news.com.au staff

Wednesday, May 29, 2013

© The Cairns Post

 

SO you’d love your garden to look magnificent, but the amount of effort required seems daunting?

Don’t fret – at some stage, we all feel the same way. No matter what those smug, green-thumbed, know-alls say, gardening can be darned hard work. All that weeding, mowing, pruning, spraying, raking and watering can get the best gardeners down.

Yet there are sneaky ways to spare ourselves some toil. I know most of them, because I’ve put a lot of hard work into becoming a lazy gardener. For starters, stop beating yourself up about your lack of garden energy. It’s OK. The world won’t end.

Next, think smarter. Decide what you hate most about gardening and find a way to reduce or eliminate it.

Here are a few suggestions:

* Never plant a lawn that takes more than 20 minutes to mow: life is too short!

* Replace all your normal pots with self-watering ones. You won’t have as many plant losses.

* Avoid too many plants that die down in winter, avoiding the need for cutting back.

* Don’t plant a rose, no matter how beguiling, unless it’s rated top 10 for disease resistance. Spraying is a real drag.

* Don’t make wide garden beds, they’re hard to work and you’ll do your back in.

* Ignore advice not to plant too thickly. With enough good plants, weeds can’t grow.

* Buy a lightweight tiller to reduce digging.

 

Short cuts: top tips for a lazy garden.



Lawrence flair shines bright through new public mural in Korean ‘city of the …

Photo Gallery

Lawrence native Vanessa Vanek, left, who teaches art at Chadwick International School in Songdo, South Korea, paints alongside a student. Vanek, her students and Lawrence mural artist David Loewenstein collaborated to create the first mural in Songdo Central Park.

Songdo mural

Thumbnails

· Gallery

Sometimes, nothing reminds us what a small world it is quite like a collaborative public art project.

Songdo, South Korea, was built from the ground up and opened for business in 2009. Hailed as the city of the future, it’s an aerotropolis — purposely positioned near Incheon International Airport — where green buildings and sustainable infrastructure are mandatory, and movers and shakers are expected to solidify its spot as a global business hub.

Against the city’s modern, concrete-and-steel-heavy architectural landscape, a shot of color from a brand-new outdoor mural really pops.

If “A City on the Rise” looks similar to something you’d see on the side of a building in Lawrence, there’s a good reason.

Here’s how artists, students and teachers reached halfway around the world from Lawrence to Songdo to make it happen.

Long way from home

Vanessa Vanek grew up in Lawrence, graduated from Kansas University and taught art at Topeka High School before she “went international.”

After three years in Bangkok, she got a job teaching art at Songdo’s Chadwick International School in 2010. The fledgling school in the fledgling city is a sister school to Chadwick School — a prestigious Los Angeles day school with a handful of celebrity alums — and leaders encourage collaboration between the two.

Vanek had an idea.

In 2005, her Topeka High art students collaborated with Lawrence muralist David Loewenstein on the Aaron Douglas Mural in Topeka. Maybe he would do a project in Songdo?

Vanek had no idea whether Loewenstein was still in Lawrence or even still an active muralist (he is). But on a trip back to the States last summer, she asked around. Soon, she and Loewenstein were discussing the idea over coffee.

‘Not just a conversation’

Loewenstein has painted murals in Lawrence, all over the United States and in Northern Ireland, where he collaborated with five schools — some Catholic, some Protestant — on artwork in 2000.

Collaborating to create a mural in South Korea was going to be tricky — especially since Songdo’s governing body wanted to approve the design before Loewenstein would have a chance to visit the site, Songdo Central Park.

Enter modern technology.

Through email and Skype, Loewenstein asked Vanek and her students — plus several from California who flew in to take part in the planning process — to talk about the iconography of Korea, define Songdo’s importance as a green city and physically act out the core values of their school. Vanek sent Loewenstein photos of the students’ gestures, as well as their color studies and sketches of mural designs.

The students’ first video chat with Loewenstein was early, at 7:45 a.m., but 18 students were present and “pumped,” Vanek said.

“They just loved the idea that they were meeting this professional working artist, a mural artist that does this for a living,” she said.

Loewenstein incorporated the students’ ideas and gestures into a sketch, with a crane carrying the Songdo skyline on its wings as the focal point.

“The process is a way of engaging people about issues and issues that concern them, and, often times, heritage or visioning of what they want to see happen in the place that they live,” Loewenstein said. “It’s nice because it’s not just a conversation, it’s all pointed toward the creation of this artwork.”

Handing them a brush

With the design approved, Loewenstein and his assistant Ashley Laird flew to Songdo at the end of April for a week of painting, and that’s when even more people got involved.

Loewenstein, Laird, Vanek and the Chadwick students outlined the mural onto the wall and began to fill it with vivid splashes of yellow, turquoise and blue. Curious passersby from small children to senior citizens stopped to talk, Loewenstein said, and “we usually handed them a brush, if they were willing.”

Songdo dignitaries, developers, students, parents and Chadwick International School, which funded the project, all were represented at the mural’s dedication ceremony April 29, when Loewenstein, Laird and Vanek helped unveil the new work.

“Having come from Lawrence, I’ve seen how art can impact a community in powerful ways,” Vanek said. “The whole idea of this mural at the beginning, for me, was how could we connect our students to the city of Songdo? …This process did become about the community of Songdo.”

Besides its modern architecture, Loewenstein said Songdo is home to wonderful public sculptures and “exquisite” landscaping, but there’s nothing quite like the new mural.

“For sure our little painting stood out as something that looked like it had a little more human touch to it,” Loewenstein said. “We were thrilled that IFEZ (Incheon Free Economic Zone) and the city of Songdo would let us do this there.”

Copyright 2013 The

Lawrence Journal-World.

All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
We strive to uphold our values for every story published.

Speak Out for May 27, 2013

May 27, 2013 11:28AM

The Chicago Board of Education recently voted to close 50 schools. | File photo


Some failing schools have high absentee rates. You can’t teach kids who don’t show up. The problem with failing schools is kids not trying. It’s not the teachers’ fault and it’s not the school building.

In the light of the massive devastation from the Oklahoma tornado disaster, you don’t know from day to day when your life will end so live life to its fullest and practice love.

BJ from Hazel Crest

How can anyone be against expanding background checks for gun purchases? Well, let’s see. We can enact new laws and then tell the people in charge of processing the background checks to delay them or put a few people in place to process a million requests. That would never happen in the United States, would it?

James S. from Crete

I was driving down the street and I saw three landscaping trailers. I got to wondering if the kids have become so lazy that they don’t even cut the grass anymore. I wouldn’t even suggest using one of those reel-type mowers of my past. That would be asking too much these days.

The Link card police are ineligible for the card because we work. Most of us don’t make a living off of having more babies for bigger checks. We get punished for making an honest living.

Now, more than ever, teens and children are raping and sexually molesting other kids. I wonder what the promoters of graphic sex in the media and porn think. How about the lazy parents who drag their new sex partners through their kids lives or have open porn in their homes? What do they think? Not much I’m sure because they never put their kids’ welfare first. What a sad, disgusting statement on our society!

I know the president has nothing to do with gasoline prices, but isn’t it amazing how gas prices seem to drop during an election year?

While walking the annual Oak Park Avenue benches, I noticed the banners on the posts that say “Experience Tinley.” Overgrown grass and weeds, empty storefronts and boarded windows, trash piled on the side of a business, crumbling parking lots and more than a few dead trees. I don’t think that was the experience they had in mind.

Tinley Park

This is to folks who think they are being clever. They say that knives were used in some attacks so knives should be banned, or that the Boston bombers used remote controls from toys so those should be banned, or we should ban cars because they can kill. They are forgetting an important distinction. All of these aforementioned items’ main function has nothing to do with killing. The only thing a gun is meant to do is kill.

Chicago

Kevin from Midlothian says I contend that there isn’t any evidence of God answering prayers. He asks, “What evidence is there that God hasn’t answered any prayers?” He could just as well ask what evidence there is that Zeus or Apollo hasn’t answered any prayers. When someone claims something exists, the burden of proof is on the person making the claim. If a person claims that the Loch Ness Monster or Bigfoot exists, it is up to that person to show others that his claim is true. If he cannot, no one should be expected to believe what he says.

Jeff from Orland Hills

As the saying goes, insanity is doing the same thing and expecting different results. This is just like pushing an elevator button that has already been pushed being a waste of time. So is voting to repeal Obamacare 37 times. I think Republicans have wasted millions of taxpayer dollars repeating the vote 36 times. How about this, Republicans? Repeal the sequestration and fully fund Head Start, cancer research and Meals on Wheels.

Why is it OK for a person to leash their dog and walk him out of their yard across the street to do his business on my grass and then they are offended when I ask them to not walk their dog on my grass? I want my grass to look as good as everyone else. Is this a new thing that is socially accepted? When you take your dog for a walk you can let him do his business in your yard. Then you can continue the walk for exercise.

Tom from Frankfort

Prior Grand Knight Hank Montoya, of the Knights of Columbus Council 14553 in Oak Lawn, recently visited the San Patricio Council 14992 in Cancun, Mexico. While on vacation there, Montoya exchanged ideas and resources. He presented a check valued at 1,260 pesos on behalf of Council 14553. The San Patricio Council was grateful for the donation, which was given to a local orphanage.

M.J.C.

We are supposed to have the most transparent administration in the history of the United States, according to President Obama, yet this scandal involving the Internal Revenue Service targeting conservative groups has been going on for three years. Why wasn’t this reported a year ago? You don’t think they were holding back instead of reporting this years ago? Oh, no, not President Obama. He wouldn’t do something like that.

While I agree with the ban of magazines that can hold up to 30 bullets, I should let you know that I can change a clip in three seconds and my little brother can change a clip in two seconds. So I don’t see what a difference that would make.

If Gov. Pat Quinn gives in to Chicago or Cook County regarding casinos then that would be like giving an arsonist a flamethrower.

Bob from Oak Forest

Fringe benefits?

William Palin examines the threat from rising land values to some of London’s most cherished areas

Register on the BD website for free.

Click below to register to BD online for free and gain access to the latest news (excludes some subscription only content) and receive a range of e-newsletters.


For Sale: A Madoff Home With a Pool, and Shadows

In many ways, the house is quite beautiful. But it is also a place full of shadows, a haunting just visible in its empty silver picture frames and in the red, white and blue signs that hang on every door: “United States Marshal,” the signs say. “No Trespassing.”

The shadow behind all that opulence is other people’s money. This was one of the residences of Peter B. Madoff, chief compliance officer at the firm owned by his older brother, Bernard L. Madoff.

Peter Madoff pleaded guilty last year to a host of crimes, including falsifying documents and lying to regulators. He was sentenced to 10 years in prison and ordered to forfeit all of his and his family’s assets to the government, so they could be sold, piece by piece, and the proceeds distributed to victims of his brother’s Ponzi scheme.

The Marshals Service took possession of the Old Westbury home in January, and late last month it put the property on the market for $4.495 million.

“When dealing with a home this grandiose, the outside world can lose sight of where all these fine things come from,” Kevin Kamrowski, a deputy United States marshal, said in an e-mail. “Everything in this home was obtained on the backs of other people.”

When the Marshals Service takes over a property, a well-practiced process is set in motion. First, the house is secured and the locks are changed; motion-sensing security systems and surveillance cameras might be installed. (In the foyer of the Madoff property, there is a sturdy-looking gray box standing on an ornate little table. Feel free to wave at it.)

Next, contractors are hired to do a bit of maintenance, and a real estate management company brings in a local agent to sell the property. In a high-profile case, the Marshals Service helps to select the sales team.

An important preliminary: Every single piece of property that is not a part of the house itself is indexed, appraised and tagged.

At the house on Pheasant Run, in the 600-square-foot formal living room, a forest of little white tags swing from every surface. They are on gold-color lamps, crystal candlesticks and a delicate wooden coffee table piled high with books, including “Dog Painting: The European Breeds,” “Dog Painting: A Social History of the Dog in Art” and “A Breed Apart.”

Above the fireplace, centered over a mantel of dark wood and darker marble, the dog theme continues, with a painting of what appears to be a chocolate Labrador retriever. Nearby, a painting of a blond toddler playing with another dog — also large, but this time shaggy — hangs in a gilded frame. In the library, two smaller dogs reside together in a frame above a sofa.

And if you were to take them off the wall, you would find a little white tag behind every one. Even the patio furniture, the dog dishes in the kitchen, and bottles of gin and Cognac in a mirrored bar in the corner of the library are tagged and numbered. Once the house is sold, its contents will be auctioned to the public, in what will surely be one of Long Island’s best-attended tag sales.

Despite these little touches, the house generally does not feel like a criminal’s lair. Indeed, like any other high-priced home for sale, it has been carefully staged to show its prettiest face to potential buyers. A bit of landscaping was done here, some robes were hung in an immense bathroom over there, and there was even an elaborate picnic spread arranged in a basket on the kitchen table, complete with checkered napkins and cutlery.

“This was staged with, believe it or not, my recommendations and the hard work of the U.S. Marshals office,” said Shawn Elliott of Shawn Elliott Luxury Homes and Estates, the broker brought in to sell the property. “Every single book in here was actually taken off the shelf, tagged and numbered, and then put back.”

One book, however, was left out, prominently displayed on a table in the library: “A Code of Jewish Ethics, Volume 1: You Shall Be Holy,” by Rabbi Joseph Telushkin.

As a part of the staging, the asset forfeiture division of the Marshals Service tries to remove personal effects, like clothing, that might walk away during a tour, or might remind potential buyers of who once padded down these hallways in his slippers. A small bedroom is stacked high with cardboard boxes full of clothing and other items that will eventually go to auction. Photographs removed from frames are returned to the family.

Even with a name as notorious as “Madoff,” there is no felon discount on a home like this. Bernard Madoff’s Manhattan apartment was sold for $8 million and Peter Madoff’s Park Avenue two-bedroom for $4.6 million, prices in line with the market at the time. Some personal belongings can even fetch inflated prices, like Bernard Madoff’s Mets jacket, which sold at auction in 2009 for $14,500.

Some potential buyers who have come through the Old Westbury house have been curious about the Madoffs, Mr. Elliott said. But for his part, he tries to think about the scandal as little as possible.

“The less I know about a situation, for me, the better,” Mr. Elliott said. “My job as the real estate broker on this is to get the victims as much money as humanly possible.”

Mr. Elliott has received offers on the property, but none has been accepted yet. When the house is finally sold, the proceeds will go to a victims compensation fund administered by the Justice Department, which has so far recovered more than $2.3 billion for Madoff victims. A separate fund for property and proceeds associated with Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities is being administered by Irving Picard and has recovered $9.345 billion.

Though Peter and Marion Madoff’s primary residence was in Manhattan, they owned the house in Old Westbury for more than 20 years, and despite best efforts, that amount of history can be difficult to completely scrub away. Last week, there were still a few signs of the lives lived in that house before: a pair of reading glasses on a marble countertop; two jars of marmalade left in a bare refrigerator; and inside a long pearl box in Mrs. Madoff’s bathroom, a single artificial fingernail tip, painted a warm shade of cotton candy pink.

Matt Heller gives up law for landscapes

Popular American career mythology posits that those who make their living with their hands can–with sufficient hard work and determination–one day “trade up” and become doctors, lawyers or other white-collar professionals.

Matt Heller turned that model firmly on its ear.

Some years back, the 1986 graduate of Los Gatos High School was well established as an attorney. But now, instead of donning tailored three-piece suits each morning, Heller pulls on a straw hat, shorts and flip-flops and heads over to Sakamoto Plants and Landscape Design.

As one of the new owners of the nursery, which has been providing fabulous flora to locals for more than three decades, Heller (who’s known as “the plant whisperer”) spends his days tending to flowers, shrubs and trees. And he’s never been happier with his choice of vocation.

After Heller graduated from Los Gatos High, where he’d been a member of the water polo and tennis teams, there was never any doubt: College and an advanced degree were in his future. While working toward his diploma from USC, he was selected for a fellowship program in law, and also served as an intern at a law firm in Pasadena. Then came Santa Clara University’s School of Law, graduation and Heller’s launch into practice.

But not long after hanging out his shingle, Heller found himself dreaming of other occupations. “I was very unhappy with law,” he said. “After a while I quit and came back up here, and was sort of

aimless for a while.”

At one point, in a move that baffled friends and family alike, Heller took a job with Dr. Paul Sakamoto, who’d run the Los Gatos nursery for 30 years.

“That was a 180-degree turn, for sure,” he said. “I wasn’t aware that I might be able to turn my newfound passion for plants into a revenue-generating concern.”

That passion, Heller added, was ignited when he was 12, and his family was living in Honduras.

“My dad was the only doctor on the island, with 18,000 natives,” he said. “It was a great experience; we’d go on hikes in the jungle and hack our way through with machetes.

“Also, my mom was very into gardening, and we always had fresh flowers and fresh vegetables in the house. So I’ve always had a profound respect for nature and all growing things.”

Committing himself to tending to that growth, Heller undertook an apprenticeship with Saratoga nurseryman Ed Carman, who enjoyed fame as the first person to import kiwi vines into California and for his ability to make rare plants flourish.

Heller followed up with a stint landscaping Lithia Park in Ashland, Ore., and then a two-year assignment overseeing a bonsai boutique at Allied Arts in Menlo Park.

As his career played out, Heller heard via the grapevine (so to speak) that Sakamoto intended to retire. Heller paid his former employer a visit, and was surprised to see signs advertising 50 percent off all plants.

“Paul basically asked if I wanted to take the nursery over. I told him I’d love to, but didn’t have the financial resources to make that happen,” said Heller.

But two weeks later, Heller received a phone call from a fellow Wildcat, Hugh Parker (also class of ’86), who floated an intriguing proposal: If Heller would consider going into partnership with him, and doing the day-to-day operation of the nursery, Parker (co-owner of SV Homes and a former high-tech sales executive) would write the check. “Of course I jumped at the opportunity to do what I love,” Heller said.

The arrival of spring this year found the two former classmates welcoming their first customers to the nursery, which remains faithful in environment and inventory to its heritage. Heller now offers full-scale landscape design, installation and maintenance services, specializing in Japanese gardens, and provides an array of both native and exotic flowers and shrubs. He also manages to nurse even the sickliest plant back to life, a talent that led Julia, his wife and marketing director, to award him the title of “plant whisperer.”

“It’s a little embarrassing when I hear someone calling me that,” admitted Heller. “But I guess a lot of people have remarked about how I seem to have very close ties with plants. For me it’s a really natural connection.”

Heller met his mate at a bookstore in Los Gatos 10 years ago. After a four-month courtship he married the statuesque native of Russia, who has served for the past seven years as a special assistant to former San Francisco mayor (and former California Assembly Speaker) Willie Brown.

A model and actress who has appeared in a number of film and television roles, she brings what Heller calls “intelligence, wit and strong marketing skills” to the task of branding the nursery and its management.

“This whole ‘plant whisperer’ thing wouldn’t have been cultivated without her,” Heller laughed.

Heller’s and his wife’s cultivation skills will be on display on June 1 when Sakamoto Plants Landscape Design will host a special community event aimed at helping green-thumbers give their gardens some extra star power. Titled “From Drab to Fab: How to Create Brake-Stopping Curb Appeal That Will Make Every Buyer Want You … Even If You’re Not Selling,” the morning session will feature interior designer Alice D. Chan, co-host of HGTV’s new Power Broker real estate show.

The event is free, but space is limited. Visit curbappeal-eorg.eventbrite.com to register.

Sakamoto Plants Landscape Design (which will be renamed Los Gatos Plants Landscape Design) is located at 15567 Camino Del Cerro in Los Gatos. For more information visit sakamotolg.com or call 408.827.4115.

Earthly delights abound in Getty Museum exhibition on Renaissance gardens

LOS ANGELES, CA.- During the Renaissance, gardens and their flora were used as religious symbols in art, as signs of social status, or simply enjoyed for their aesthetic value. Whether part of a grandiose villa or a feature of a common kitchen yard, gardens were planted and treasured by people at all social levels. In a variety of texts, manuscript artists depicted gardens, and their illustrations attest to the Renaissance spirit for the careful study of the natural world. In Gardens of the Renaissance, on view May 28–August 11, 2013 at the J. Paul Getty Museum, Getty Center, visitors are given a glimpse into how people at the time pictured, used, and enjoyed these idyllic green spaces.

The exhibition features over 20 manuscript illuminations, a painting, a drawing and a photograph from the Getty Museum’s permanent collection, as well as loaned works from the Getty Research Institute and private collectors James E. and Elizabeth J. Ferrell. In addition to the exhibition, the Getty’s Central Garden will be planted with flowers and greenery commonly seen during the Renaissance in Europe, with their care overseen by Central Garden supervisor Michael DeHart.

“This exhibition celebrates the Renaissance garden, which inherited the traditions established by the medieval monastic cloister and provided the foundation for the extravagant gardens of the Baroque period, such as Louis XIV’s renowned Versailles,” explains Timothy Potts, director of the J. Paul Getty Museum. “The exhibition will include a number of exceptional objects from the Museum’s collection that reflect the Renaissance appreciation for magnificent foliage, brilliant color, and landscape design. We are also in a unique position to share with visitors living examples of typical Renaissance plantings through our own garden, which I’m sure will bring the exhibition to life and greatly appeal to the many visitors who come to enjoy our spectacular gardens and landscaping.”

Gardens in Word and Image
During the Renaissance, when gardens were planted in great number, it was only natural that garden imagery permeated the pages of manuscripts and printed books, from popular romances and philosophical treatises to medicinal and devotional texts. As literary settings, gardens were idyllic spaces where lovers met, courtiers retreated from city life, and adventurers sought an earthly paradise. Religious symbolism was common even in floral imagery, as in French artist Jean Bourdichon’s The Adoration of the Magi (about 1480–85), where grapes, roses, blue speedwell, and red anemones all signify some aspect of Christ’s crucifixion and resurrection.

Although the garden is already represented in art from the Middle Ages, Renaissance depictions show an increased concern for naturalism and the documentation of new and rare plant species. One of the best-known examples of this is by Flemish artist Joris Hoefngael who—at the bequest of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II—illuminated a book of calligraphy samples with depictions of plants, animals, and insects. In Insect, Tulip, Caterpillar, Spider, Pear (about 1591–96), Hoefnagel painted a pink-and-yellow-striped tulip with spellbinding precision, thus preserving a floral record of species from as far away as modern-day Turkey and Peru.

Gardens of the Bible
The story of Christian salvation is rooted in gardens, from Adam and Eve’s original sin in the Garden of Eden to Christ’s resurrection in the Garden of Gethsemane. Renaissance theologians and adventurers sought to discover the location of Eden, and pilgrims risked the dangers of travel to visit the gardens that Christ had frequented. For most other devout Christians, tranquil manuscript images of Mary in a garden facilitated devotion and prayer. Artists often represented Eden as a verdant orchard with high walls, while the gardens associated with Mary and Christ tend to be smaller and enclosed by a simple wooden fence.

“In a society dominated by the Catholic Church, gardens were integral to a Christian visual tradition,” says Bryan C. Keene, assistant curator in the manuscripts department at the J. Paul Getty Museum and curator of the exhibition. “This exhibition offers religious context for much of the exquisite garden imagery seen in manuscript pages and elsewhere in art of the time.”

A distinctive engagement of religion and nature occurs in the representation of Christ as a gardener. According to the Bible, after the Crucifixion, Christ was buried on a plot of land containing a garden. His follower, Mary Magdalene, initially mistakes Christ for a gardener, but rejoices when she recognizes him. In an image by Flemish artist Lieven van Lathem (about 1469), Mary Magdalene kneels before the resurrected Christ, who is depicted holding a shovel to represent her initial misidentification. In a pen and gray black ink drawing of Christ as the Gardener (about 1470—1490) by the Upper Rhenish Master, Christ is seen again with a shovel amidst some grass, and offers a gesture as if to tell Mary Magdalene (not pictured) not to hold on to him since he must ascend to heaven.

Gardens at Court
What is an Italian villa or French château without a garden? In the Renaissance, gardens complemented the architectural harmony of courtly estates through plantings along a central axis and beds of herbs and flowers arranged in geometric patterns. The combination of sculptures, fountains, and topiaries in gardens not only expressed the patron’s control over nature but also expressed the Renaissance ideal that art is shaped by art.

In manuscripts, a courtly garden could serve as a backdrop that conveyed a ruler’s status or as a stage for activities both reputable and scandalous. In Jean Bourdichon’s Bathsheba Bathing (1498–99), Bathsheba’s sensuous nude figure seduces not only King David at the palace window but likely also the patron of the manuscript that contained this leaf, King Louis XII of France. The biblical story that inspired this image does not mention a garden, but artists often placed Bathsheba in one because a garden traditionally represented female virtue.

Gardens of the Renaissance is on view May 28–August 11, 2013 at the J. Paul Getty Museum, Getty Center. The exhibition is curated by Bryan Keene, assistant curator in the manuscripts department.

Cut corners with lazy gardener’s tips

To use this website, cookies must be enabled in your browser. To enable cookies, follow the instructions for your browser below.

Enabling Cookies in Internet Explorer 7, 8 9

  1. Open the Internet Browser
  2. Click Tools Internet OptionsPrivacyAdvanced
  3. Check Override automatic cookie handling
  4. For First-party Cookies and Third-party Cookies click Accept
  5. Click OK and OK

Enabling Cookies in Firefox

  1. Open the Firefox browser
  2. Click ToolsOptionsPrivacyUse custom settings for history
  3. Check Accept cookies from sites
  4. Check Accept third party cookies
  5. Select Keep until: they expire
  6. Click OK

Enabling Cookies in Google Chrome

  1. Open the Google Chrome browser
  2. Click Tools iconOptionsUnder the HoodContent Settings
  3. Check Allow local data to be set
  4. Uncheck Block third-party cookies from being set
  5. Uncheck Clear cookies
  6. Close all

Enabling Cookies in Mobile Safari (iPhone, iPad)

  1. Go to the Home screen by pressing the Home button or by unlocking your phone/iPad
  2. Select the Settings icon.
  3. Select Safari from the settings menu.
  4. Select ‘accept cookies’ from the safari menu.
  5. Select ‘from visited’ from the accept cookies menu.
  6. Press the home button to return the the iPhone home screen.
  7. Select the Safari icon to return to Safari.
  8. Before the cookie settings change will take effect, Safari must restart. To restart Safari press and hold the Home button (for around five seconds) until the iPhone/iPad display goes blank and the home screen appears.
  9. Select the Safari icon to return to Safari.