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Gardening & More: Gardening tips gleaned from local garden walks

BUFFALO — Chatting with gardeners is a great way to get tips you can use, in your own garden. When you go on garden walks, don’t be shy; strike up a conversation with the homeowner. Here are three tips I picked up, on recent garden walks.

Don’t let your coleus plant grow flowers
Luis Martinez and Jeff Wilson of West Delavan Avenue, Buffalo, are among the gardeners who loved using impatiens flowers in shady areas—that is, until the plants were killed last year, by downy mildew.

There is no treatment for that plant disease and it can return for years, so they had to find something different, for those shady areas.

This year, for a pop of color they chose coleus, using plants with colored leaves.

Here’s Wilson’s tip: Don’t let your coleus flower. Pinch off the flower and the plant will get fuller.

Bonus tip: Don’t throw away the part you pinched off. Place it in water or even directly in the soil and it should root.

Get free plants from demolition sites
When a house or other building is being razed, the land is often bulldozed and scraped, destroying wonderful flowers, shrubs, vines and bulbs in the process.

Elise Fila of Williamsville said she doesn’t like to see those plants go to waste, so she rescues them.

“We get in there with our shovels and dig things out before they’re totally history,” Fila said.

She finds out about demolition sites from a friend who does construction, or she simply stumbles across the sites.

Fila always tries to get permission from the construction workers or the owner of the land. Sometimes she is asked to sign a waiver, saying she won’t sue if she gets hurt, while she’s on the property.

“They’re afraid of lawsuits,” Fila said. “That’s all they’re really worried about. They don’t care if you take the plants. They don’t want them. They’re going to destroy them, anyway.”

Take trowels and shovels for digging, she advised, as well as buckets and recycling bins, to hold the plants.

She’s on the beautification committee in Williamsville, so she uses the plants she rescues in the village parks, as well as her own garden.

Choose a color scheme
You can choose a color scheme for your entire garden or just one section.

Barb Rudnicki of Reserve Road in West Seneca planted a patriotic grouping of clematis on her fence. One plant was red, one was white and one was blue. The clematis was blooming just in time to celebrate the Fourth of July.

Note: The blue clematis was purplish and the red clematis was on the pink side, but when you saw them together it was obvious what she was going for.

Consider planting flowers in the colors of your favorite school colors or sports team.

Next time you meet a gardener, start a conversation. You don’t know what great information you’ll discover, that you can apply to make your own garden the most unique display in the neighborhood.

Connie Oswald Stofko is publisher of Buffalo-NiagaraGardening.com, the online gardening magazine for Western New York. Email Connie@BuffaloNiagaraGardening.com.

August garden and home landscape tips from Master Gardeners

Here we are, it’s already August. Most lawns are still green as we’ve had plenty of rainfall in our area. Crab grass is also growing well in areas with compacted soil or where lawns are sparse. In the past few weeks, our Master Gardeners have had many questions about plant disease and insect pests as well as several calls about pond weed identification and control.

We currently don’t have any confirmed cases of Late Blight of Tomato/Potato in Wayne County although conditions have been favorable for its development. Those growing tomatoes/potatoes should be vigilant. Pay special attention to plants in areas where they stay wet in the morning, near tree lines, or where there is poor air circulation. If you suspect that you have LB please contact us.

Training for our “Class of 2013” Master Gardener volunteers will begin in early September and run through mid-November. Classes will be on Wednesdays and will be held at the experimental station in Geneva. Cornell University staff will cover most of the topics for the training. After completing the training volunteers work out of our office in Newark advising on many different home landscape/garden issues. Some volunteers give presentations while others work in our demonstration garden or answer hotline and e-mail questions. There are always plenty of different opportunities for our volunteers. If you have an interest in horticulture/insects/composting etc. and would like to volunteer or would like to learn more about this program please contact me by Aug. 16 at ljv8@cornell.edu or 331-8415. Please leave a daytime phone number where I can reach you.

Upcoming events

Gardening Hotline: Call or stop in on Tuesdays and Fridays from a.m. to noon to talk with one of our Master Gardeners. Plant and insect samples can be left at our office at other times but should not be left over the weekend. You can also leave a message on our voicemail 331-8415 ext. 107 or e-mail questions to us at mgwayne@cornell.edu Please leave a daytime phone number where we can reach you with any additional questions we may have.

Wanted: Forest Owner Volunteers — Cornell Cooperative Extension is looking for a few good forest owner volunteers to meet and work with their neighbors. The NY Master Forest Owner Volunteer Program is entering its 23rd year with a new volunteer training scheduled for Sept. 25 to 29 at Cornell University’s Arnot Teaching and Research Forest Van Etten, N.Y. Volunteers who complete the 4-day workshop will join the corps of 200 plus certified volunteers across the state. Applications due by Sept. 11

Participants can commute daily, or accommodations are available at the Forest. There is a $100 fee that helps defray lodging, publications, food, and equipment costs. The workshop combines classroom and outdoor field experiences on a wide variety of subjects including; tree identification, finding boundaries, forest ecology, wildlife and sawtimber management, communication techniques, timber harvesting, and a visit to a nearby sawmill.

The goal of the MFO Program is to provide private forest owners with the information and encouragement necessary to manage their forests to enhance ownership satisfaction. MFOs do not perform management activities nor give professional advice. Rather, they meet with forest owners to listen to their concerns and questions, and offer advice as to sources of assistance based on their training and personal experience.

Some of the program’s biggest supporters are the volunteers who have worked with the program for years. Give one of them a call to learn of the program’s unique benefits. More information regarding the MFO Program, a listing of current volunteers, a sample training agenda and an application form is also available on our website at www.cornellmfo.info or call (607) 255-2115.

Free Woodlot Visits: Call 331-8415 ext. 107 to schedule a free woodlot site visit. These free site visits typically last up to 3 hours with our Master Forest Owners providing woodlot management information to Wayne County woodlot owners including best management practices for achieving management goals. During the visit our MFO’s can also provide you with   additional sources for assistance and information.

For information and webinars on forest health visit www.cornellforestconnect.ning.com.

Monthly garden and home grounds tips

• To decrease diseases such as Septoria Leaf Spot and Early Blight on your tomatoes follow a minimum crop rotation of three years if the disease is present. Stake and trellis to reduce soil contact with foliage. Mulch in the rows. Disinfect stakes before the season, or better yet, use new ones. Work in affected parts of the field last. Plant resistance! The new variety ‘Iron Lady’, developed by Cornell professors Martha Mutschler-Chu and Tom Zitter is resistant to Early Blight, Late Blight and Septoria. These diseases move from soil to plant and plant to plant.

• Scout for and remove weeds before they go to seed. Many weeds are forming seed heads now.

• Add mulch to cover bare or thin areas in garden beds and foundation plantings to help retain moisture and decrease weed germination. Mulch should be 2 to 3 inches thick and shouldn’t touch tree trunks or shrubs.

• Harvest onions when the tops fall over and cure in the sun for 3 to 5 days before storing.

• Garlic should be dug if you haven’t done so already. Examine bulbs and only save the best ones to replant in the early fall.

• Remove and destroy or compost fallen fruit to decrease fruit pests next year.

• If plant diseases occur clean up and destroy all diseased plant material. Don’t compost diseased plant material.

• Practices that promote deep rooting of turf are beneficial. Mow lawns high (3 inches) and consider core aeration to help alleviate compacted areas.

• Consider lawn renovation or repetitive over-seeding with appropriate grass variety in areas where turf is thin. Call us for recommendations specific to your conditions.

• There’s still time to plant broccoli (early)*, cauliflower (early)*, bibb and leaf lettuce, beets, Swiss chard, spinach and turnips for late fall harvests. Plant by early August. Use of low tunnels can extend crops as well. *indicates transplants.

Why it’s a “no brainer” that community gardens should be built into urban design

People who participate in community gardening are more likely to be in a healthy weight range than people from comparable backgrounds who are not involved with community gardens, a study in the US has found. 

It’s worth noting though that the design of the study means it is capable only of showing an association between community gardening and having a healthy weight. It does not prove cause and effect, and one possibility is that the findings simply reflect that people who engage with community gardening are more likely to have a healthy lifestyle anyway.

However, the results do add to a body of evidence which support the health benefits of community gardens, and the US researchers suggest that randomised controlled trials should now evaluate the impact of community gardening upon participants’ weight.

In the latest edition of JournalWatch, Dr Melissa Stoneham, of the Public Health Advocacy Institute WA (PHAIWA), endorses the US researchers’ recommendation that new urban developments should “design in” community gardens. She also would like to see established suburbs redesigned to integrate health-promoting features like community gardens.

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Community gardens: producing health

Dr Melissa Stoneham writes:

In recent times I have had a bit to do with community gardens, with most being funded under the Commonwealth’s Healthy Community Initiative with local governments, which aims to increase physical activity and healthy eating in certain adult populations.

One clear standout was the Greenough Pioneer Museum community garden, just outside Geraldton in Western Australia’s midwest, which was supported by the GO Gero! project.

In June 2013, the garden was awarded a nationally funded award sponsored by the Australian Open Garden Day organisation.

The Greenough garden uses organic synergistic and aquaponic methods to produce over 35 varieties of vegetables, herbs and fruit.

Clearly this garden provides locally grown and competitively priced produce to the local community, but a recent study in the US suggests that community gardening can help people achieve a healthy weight.

The study, conducted by Caethleen Zick and colleagues based at the University of Utah, examined the relationship between participation in community gardening and weight.

It found that people who participate in community gardening have a significantly lower body mass index—as well as lower odds of being overweight or obese—than do their non-gardening neighbours.

The article, Harvesting More Than Vegetables: The Potential Weight Control Benefits of Community Gardening, was published in the American Journal of Public Health. It acknowledges that previous research in community garden settings has provided a variety of social and nutritional benefits to neighbourhoods but states there was little evidence to demonstrate that working in a garden could show a measurable health benefit.

Researchers gathered 198 community gardeners both men and women, from Salt Lake City, Utah and measured their body-mass index, based on their height and weight. According to recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data, Utah is the 45th most obese state in the United States with 57 per cent of adults overweight (BMI 25) and 22.5 per cent of adults obese.

Research methods included comparing community gardeners’ BMIs, and odds of being overweight or obese, with three control groups, all based in Salt Lake City.

One control group was a mix of unrelated people from the same geographic neighbourhood as the garden.  This group shared similar physical environments, such as walkability and proximity to food shops and stores, as well as economic status.

The second control group was same sex siblings, where it was expected they shared genetic predispositions for weight and family influences on diet and physical activity. The third group was married spouses of the gardeners, as it was assumed they would be likely to share lifestyle and food choices, including food grown in the community garden.

Gardeners recruited for the study included 423 adults who had participated at one of the community plots facilitated by a not-for profit community gardening scheme for at least one year between 1995 and 2010.

Data for control groups were drawn from administrative records, using the Utah Population Database, a multi-faceted data resource used by health researchers. It includes a large set of Utah family histories, and links to publicly-available historical birth, marriage, and driver’s license records.

A total of 375 gardeners were linked to BMI information in the database.  Once linked, driver’s license records were used to build a sample of neighbours—individuals matched for age, gender and residential location, and Utah marriage, divorce and birth records to identify siblings and spouses.

Eventually, data on 198 gardeners and 67 spouses were included in the analyses, and height and weight information came from driver’s license records following the commencement of their community gardening.

Results showed that women community gardeners had an average BMI 1.84 lower than their neighbours, which translated to a 4.9 kilogram weight difference for a woman 165 cm tall. For men, the BMI was lower by 2.36 for gardeners, which is a difference of 7.25 kilograms for a man who is 178 cm tall when compared to the neighbourhood cohort.

Gardeners were also less likely to be overweight or obese, showing 46 per cent less for women gardeners, and 62 per cent less for men gardeners.

When the researchers looked at the BMIs of individuals related to the gardeners, including siblings and spouses, comparative data was found. Same sex siblings revealed a similar advantage to unrelated neighbours and women in the community gardening group had a BMI 1.88 lower than their sisters. For men, the difference was 1.33 lower for the gardeners compared to their brothers. Both differences were statistically significant.

For spouses of married gardeners, there was no difference in BMI or odds of being overweight or obese. That finding was not surprising, as researchers had expected that spouses would benefit from eating food produced in the garden, and perhaps from assisting with gardening activities.

The last few sentences of the article, and a focus I find particularly important, is the recommendation that new urban developments’ “design in” facilitates such as community gardens, and the more established suburbs be redesigned so they integrate features that promote healthy lifestyles.

It is a well-known fact that community gardens provide many benefits to active participants such as providing opportunities to relax, undertake physical activity, socialise and mix with neighbours, share across culturally different backgrounds and religions, learn about horticulture and sustainable environmental practices and be a source of low-cost fresh produce for a healthy diet.

When you add in the findings of this research, which has demonstrated a considerable difference in BMI of gardeners compared with other community groups, community garden integration in our local suburbs seems to be what one of my younger colleagues described as: “a no brainer”.

Harvesting More Than Vegetables: The Potential Weight Control Benefits of Community Gardening. Cathleen D. Zick, PhD, Ken R. Smith, PhD, Lori Kowaleski-Jones, PhD, Claire Uno, MLIS, and Brittany J. Merrill, BS. June 2013, Vol 103, No. 6; pp 1110-1115.

***

About JournalWatch

The Public Health Advocacy Institute WA (PHAIWA) JournalWatch service reviews 10 key public health journals on a monthly basis, providing a précis of articles that highlight key public health and advocacy related findings, with an emphasis on findings that can be readily translated into policy or practice.

The Journals reviewed include:

  • Australian New Zealand Journal of Public Health (ANZJPH)
  • Journal of Public Health Policy (JPHP)
  • Health Promotion Journal of Australia (HPJA)
  • Medical Journal of Australia (MJA)
  • The Lancet
  • Journal for Water Sanitation and Hygiene Development
  • Tobacco Control (TC)
  • American Journal of Public Health (AMJPH)
  • Health Promotion International (HPI)
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine (AJPM).

These reviews are then emailed to all JournalWatch subscribers and are placed on the PHAIWA website. To subscribe to Journal Watch go to http://www.phaiwa.org.au/index.php/other-projects-mainmenu-146/journalwatch

***

PHAIWA is an independent public health voice based within Curtin University, with a range of funding partners. The Institute aims to raise the public profile and understanding of public health, develop local networks and create a statewide umbrella organisation capable of influencing public health policy and political agendas. Visit our website at www.phaiwa.org.au

****

Previously at Journal Watch:

Energy drinks: an unaddressed health hazard

• More vaccination advocacy is needed

• Bike share schemes boost public health

• On big food, unhealthy partnerships and the health benefits of regulation

• Investigating the health costs of car commuting

 Time for another Sid the Seagull?

• Tackling the unhealthy food supply in disadvantaged communities

• Smoking at the movies, a global public health concern

• Sports clubs are winners when alcohol sponsorship is dropped

• Call for more research and planning to deal with public health challenges of mega events

• Environmental factors that promote cycling

• A focus on the corporate practices that contribute to poor health

 How much healthy food is sold at fast food restaurants?

• Why the world needs a dengue day

 Germany’s role in undermining tobacco control

 

Canada’s Longest Pedestrian Suspension Bridge Opening in Souris


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Canada’s Longest Pedestrian Suspension Bridge Opening in Souris

PRWEB.COM Newswire

Souris, MB (PRWEB) August 17, 2013

The Town of Souris, MB. is once again the home to Canada’s longest pedestrian suspension bridge.

The 184-metre Souris Swinging Bridge is opening to the public Saturday, Aug. 17 at noon.

“We’re excited to see the Swinging Bridge re-open, but please keep in mind there may be times when one end of the bridge or the other will not be accessible until the landscaping is complete,” says Souris Mayor Darryl Jackson. “The official opening will take place at a later date so watch for updates on the Souris website http://www.sourismanitoba.com and Facebook page http://www.facebook.com/townofsouris.

After the previous bridge fell victim to flood waters in 2011, The Town of Souris partnered with Stantec to develop options to replace the iconic swinging bridge.

Stantec began with engineering analysis of the Souris River and its banks. Then they looked to similar pedestrian bridges in Canada and around the world for inspiration and ideas, generating a number of replacement options. Due to the historic and iconic nature of the Swinging Bridge, the Town decided early on that a suspension bridge, similar to the one destroyed in the flood, was the most desirable of the replacement options.

Stantec designed the bridge to not only be high enough for annual flood waters recorded to date to not reach the superstructure, but also to put Souris back on the map with Canada’s longest suspension pedestrian bridge.

“This has been such a gratifying project for our team,” says Stantec’s project manager Kevin Amy. “It’s been an exciting design challenge, but more importantly we know how much this bridge means to the community of Souris, and we’re proud to have played a role in giving this iconic structure back to them.”

The swinging bridges that have spanned this site have all been Souris’ principal attraction. The first of three bridges were built in 1904 by the late Squire Sowden as a means of transportation across the river. Replaced twice previously, in 1961 and 1976, the historic bridge once again was destroyed during the spring 2011 flooding in Manitoba. Because the rising Souris River was submerging the bridge, the Town of Souris sacrificed it in 2011 to alleviate the load the water was putting on the anchors located in the earth dyke.

Stantec Winnipeg office led the project, with structural engineering support from their Calgary office. Hilderman Thomas Frank Cram of Winnipeg is providing assistance with the site work.

About Souris

Souris is a vibrant beautiful community nestled at the junction of Plum Creek and the Souris River. It is surrounded on all sides by the productive farmland of the Rural Municipality of Glenwood. Souris is a service centre for this farming population as well as its own townspeople. The town is noted as being a Communities in Bloom National winner, a great sports town with recreational facilities to rival any community’s in Manitoba and a wonderful safe place to raise a family.

About Stantec

Stantec provides professional consulting services in planning, engineering, architecture, interior design, landscape architecture, surveying, environmental sciences, project management, and project economics for infrastructure and facilities projects. We support public and private sector clients in a diverse range of markets at every stage, from the initial conceptualization and financial feasibility study to project completion and beyond. Our services are provided on projects around the world through approximately 13,000 employees operating out of more than 200 locations in North America and 4 locations internationally.

Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2013/8/prweb11036446.htm

Mayor hears concerns at town hall meeting

Bracebridge Examiner

MUSKOKA LAKES – About 20 people gathered with members of Muskoka Lakes council to listen to Mayor Alice Murphy give a state of the union for the township this morning (Aug. 17). The annual town hall meeting was held at Windermere Community Centre.

“This is a much smaller crowd than last year so that either means everyone’s happy or they don’t want to go to Windermere or it’s just the one sunny weekend of the year or there are competing events or maybe all of the above,” said Murphy.

This year, Murphy gave an overview of council’s progress over the past year, including a new exotic animal bylaw, a reduction in Ontario Municipal Board costs for the municipality and a soon-to-be dark sky bylaw, though it won’t be retroactive. Sunday gun hunting is now on the council table and as they have yet to have anyone “pushing back,” if there are any concerns, she suggested people come forward.

Council intends through site plan control to leave a legacy of responsible planning, said Murphy, when it comes to Hanna’s Landing, a development going ahead after an OMB appeal, which will effectively double the size of Port Carling from a zoning perspective. However, attainable housing is an area of need in the township, she admitted, but hopes changes at the district level will make it more possible in the township’s rural setting.

People are really on the same page that we need to at all times protect our environment and find niche opportunities of leveraging this fantastic landscape into making our economy work – Muskoka Lakes mayor Alice Murphy

Mayor Murphy admitted the township’s website is “crumby,” but added they are working on it and also plans to improve communication with the public by supplying print copies of their Council Connection newsletter at township drop-off locations, such as libraries, post offices and general stores.

As well as an overview of the past year, the town hall gathering gives residents an opportunity to raise any concerns they may have.

Concerns were raised about the appearance and lighting of the Tim Hortons to be constructed in Port Carling, as well as the traffic light that will be necessary to accommodate it at the bottom of the hill (Hwy. 118/Medora Street and Bruce Wilson Road).

The growing sport of cycling led some to comment on the narrow roads that would benefit from paved shoulders and a suggestion for biking stations at strategic spots around the lake to provide rest stops and a vantage point for tourists.

There was concern over the complaint-driven bylaw enforcement and whether penalties were severe enough. One woman questioned whether applicants that come before council actually comply with landscaping and dark sky lighting requirements of their site plan and whether anyone ever checks.

However, Murphy said the planning department had a lull in work last year and took a visit to properties with site plan conditions and found 95 per cent compliance.

The township’s new bylaw enforcement officer has had mixed reviews.

“Last year when we were in Port Carling we heard loud and clear that we have bylaws and we want them enforced,” said Murphy. “So this year we are enforcing bylaws and we’re finding some of the bylaws need some tweaking … some of them really have unexpected consequences; for example, the sign bylaw has caused some folks some aggravation.”

The sign bylaw will come up for discussion at council next month.

Overall, Mayor Murphy felt the town hall was a success and enjoyed hearing ideas from her constituents to improve the local economy.

“People are really on the same page that we need to at all times protect our environment and find niche opportunities of leveraging this fantastic landscape into making our economy work,” she said. “And the more times that we sit and have these kinds of collaborative discussions, ideas feed off of ideas.”

For anyone who has further ideas on how to grow the economy collectively, Muskoka Lakes township is holding two upcoming economic development workshops scheduled for Aug. 27 in Port Carling and Aug. 28 in Bala, 6:30 to 8 p.m., to discuss ideas for the region. For more information, visit muskokalakes.ca.

Valley air officials aim to cool down decades-old smog problem

In sweltering September 2011, Fresno could have used more trees. Temperatures climbed, winds died and lung-searing ozone spiked the season’s highest readings on three days.

Worse yet, all three peaks broke the one-hour federal ozone standard between 3 p.m. and 4 p.m. on weekdays when children were outside after school.

An extensive canopy of trees over streets, parking lots and driveways might have kept ozone-cooking heat down just enough to avert those dangerous peaks, say researchers. Plus, trees actually take pollutants out of the air.

It’s time to talk seriously about using trees and other city-cooling ideas, such as reflective or cool roofs, to end the San Joaquin Valley’s decades-long quest to achieve the federal one-hour ozone standard, say air-quality leaders.

These days, only a few parts per billion of ozone on a few days a year separate the Valley from the achievement.

“Ten years ago, it might not have made as much sense to everyone to pursue these strategies,” said Seyed Sadredin, executive director of the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District. “But we’ve passed many rules, made many advances, and we’re so close to compliance on the one-hour standard now.”

The one-hour threshold is 125 parts per billion, which the Valley had no prayer of achieving in the past. This 25,000-square-mile bowl allows dirty air to build up for days — it’s an incubator for one of the worst ozone problems in the nation.

With cleaner-running vehicles and ever-tightening regulations on everything from dairies to urban sprawl, ozone peaks have dropped from the 150s to the 130s over the last decade.

University of California at Davis research suggests that if Fresno aggressively pushed city cooling efforts, temperatures could drop as much as 4 degrees. Up to 7 parts per billion could be trimmed off ozone peaks.

The stakes are high in this fight. When the standard is achieved, it will eliminate a $29 million annual penalty, most of which is paid by Valley motorists in their vehicle registration fees.

But money isn’t the best reason to fight ozone, health researchers say. Ozone is a corrosive gas that damages lungs, eyes and skin. It is linked to heart and lung ailments as well as early mortality.

The Valley’s climate creates ideal conditions for ozone, which forms best in heat, sunlight and stagnant air. Scientists say turning down the heat just a little is a logical approach to shave off the peaks on bad days.

It’s a fight against the phenomenon called the urban heat island. Cities become heat islands as they trap energy from the sun in asphalt, rooftops and buildings, particularly in places as sunny and warm as Fresno or other Valley cities.

Drive from downtown Fresno into the surrounding farmland on most any summer day. Feel the temperature drop several degrees. Streets and parking lots of this 112-square-mile city hold the heat long after dark.

“Think of it as a heat dome over the city,” said meteorologist Paul Iniguez of the National Weather Service in Hanford. “It’s not a perfect dome, because there are green spaces in cities, such as parks. But it has the characteristics of a dome.”

As the climate warms over the next century, scientists expect heat islands to become more intense and more of a factor in ozone problems. The cost of cooling homes and businesses will no doubt rise, scientists say.

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has a heat island research team that has worked on several cooling approaches, including vegetation, reflective materials for roofs and pavement.

In roofing, for instance, materials might include titanium dioxide to reflect infrared light. Though human eyes don’t perceive such light, it contains about half the energy in the sunlight that hits Earth.

Experiments have shown dramatic differences with the reflective material. In a side-by-side comparison of a reflective parking lot and a more standard blacktop parking lot, scientists recorded a 30-degree difference on a June day in Berkeley.

“The darker materials absorb more heat,” said Benjamin Mandel, graduate research assistant at Berkeley Lab.

In Fresno, Berkeley researchers studied the difference between a light-colored concrete-tile roof and a dark asphalt-shingle roof during the five hottest months last year. The light-colored, more reflective roof saved a total of $350 over the five months.

Mandel said that if all Fresno homes had the reflective roof, the savings would be about $60 million each year.

But such a radical change in a city of half a million might be a lot to expect, he said. A more realistic scenario would be modest improvements over a smaller percentage of the city amounting to a few million dollars of savings — still a worthy investment, he said.

California is pushing toward more energy- and water-efficient construction, but the new state building code, called CALGreen, has only voluntary measures for cool or reflective roofs for new homes or roof replacements on older homes.

The California Energy Code requires such roofs for new commercial buildings.

The city of Fresno does not mandate cool roofs, but officials are reviewing the development code, which includes a provision about trees in the landscaping of buildings and homes.

Since 1993, Fresno has required a tree for every two parking spaces in lots around the city, said Arnoldo Rodriguez, interim city planning manager.

“We’re looking to reduce the number of parking spaces and the size of parking lots in the future,” he said. “We’re also exploring the idea of reducing the width of new streets with hopes of getting less paved area in the city.”

Fresno needs to turn greener with trees, says Lee Ayers, executive director of Tree Fresno. His organization is pushing to make trees a priority in the city.

“I don’t think there’s any doubt that we all would benefit from more trees,” he said. “It’s not just a matter of planting new trees. We need to replace trees that have died and retain mature trees in this city.”

Research links

Heat islands: Read more about heat island research by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

Local issues: Read the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District’s report on heat islands.

Tree guide: Read “Tree Guidelines for San Joaquin Valley Communities.”

The reporter can be reached at (559) 441-6316, email to: mgrossi@fresnobee.com’mgrossi@fresnobee.com or @markgrossi on Twitter.

Garden gives opportunity for growth to SJ inmates

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STOCKTON – As he combed his hand through the vines, Michael Moore came across a ripe yellow squash and picked it off the stem.

“That one right there is about ready,” Moore, 43, said, explaining the summer harvests of squash, corn and melons.

Varieties of fruits and vegetables spawn in the garden as the seasons change, making it an everyday task for Moore and fellow inmates at the San Joaquin County Jail’s Honor Farm to sow seeds, tend to plants and pick them at maturity.

They do it, in part, knowing their labor benefits hundreds of individuals and families struggling financially.

The horticulture program was started and continues to be run by correctional officers George Lauchland and Scott Thomas. They are sharing their farming and landscaping skills with inmates in hopes they will prove valuable to them, as well as place food on the tables of the county’s neediest.

“We wanted to do something where we could really grow something tangible to give to some of the people in need,” said Lauchland, also a grape grower and president of the San Joaquin County Correctional Officers Association.

What started as a small garden, Lauchland said, has evolved into a full operation in which inmates produce about 500 pounds of fruits and vegetables a day. The goods are donated to food banks and other nonprofit organizations twice a week.

“It means a lot, number one, that they care about us and that they’re thinking about women and children,” said Brenda Castellanos, executive director of Haven of Peace, an emergency shelter in French Camp for women and children.

Fruits and vegetables are commodities the shelter rarely receives but are essential in providing nutritious meals to an average of 40 homeless women and children per day, she said.

“They give us watermelons, cantaloupes, tomatoes, things we don’t usually receive from a food bank or that we can afford to buy,” Castellanos said.

Villa Rica teen could be Georgia’s youngest Master Gardener – Times

Like most Master Gardeners, Tyler Hemrock of Villa Rica enjoys talking about his vegetable garden and the problems caused by this year’s rainy growing season. He can also answer questions about soils, fertilizers and insects.


But unlike the other 125 or so Carroll County Master Gardeners, Hemrock is only 14 years old, the youngest in the club and probably the youngest Master Gardener in Georgia. That distinction cannot be verified since each club keeps its own records.

“Tyler is a very unique individual,” said Paula Burke, the county’s Extension coordinator, who oversees the Master Gardener program. “Being home-schooled allowed him to attend the morning training sessions. He was already involved as a team leader in the Junior Master Gardeners. If you enjoy helping others and want to volunteer, that’s what Master Gardeners is about.”

While there’s no age limit on being a Master Gardener, Burke said, not many young people have the level of interest or the available time for the 27 weeks of training and 50 hours of volunteer service during the first year’s membership.

“The purpose of the Master Gardener program is to train volunteers to complement, enhance and support the educational efforts of the local UGA Cooperative Extension office,” Burke said. “The training is like a mini-college course.”

Some Master Gardeners do volunteer work at the Extension office, but that work has a minimum age requirement of 18 years. Hemrock has been doing his volunteer work in the community garden and Heritage Day projects.

“As long as I can remember, I’ve always liked gardening, watching things grow,” said Hemrock, who will celebrate his 15th birthday next Sunday. “I’ve read a lot of books on gardening and have a whole shelf of gardening books in my room. My parents have always had a home garden and I’ve taken that over.”

He picked up an interest early from watching his mother, Diane, raise flowers and his father, Michael, work in a vegetable garden. He joined the Junior Master Gardeners, an auxiliary program run by the Master Gardeners, at the age of 9.

“After awhile, I just wanted to know everything they knew,” he said.

The road to becoming a Master Gardener involved filling out applications, an interview and then attending 27 weeks of classes,  from January through April. He then had to pass two written tests. After completing the training, he performed his volunteer work and received his Master Gardener certification on June 5.

In addition to his gardening interests, he has been a Boy Scout since age 11 and also likes camping, hunting, fishing and beekeeping. His favorite school subjects are chemistry and literature.

Despite his early interest in gardening, Hemrock said he has no plans to enter agriculture as a profession.

“I’d rather keep it as a hobby,” he said.

His career plans are in dentistry. He plans to take pre-dentistry courses at University of West Georgia and study dentistry at Georgia Regents University College of Dental Medicine, specializing in orthodontics.

As for Hemrock’s garden preferences, he said he likes growing vegetables best because “you can get something to use from them.” His personal home garden includes tomatoes, peppers, okra, peas, zucchini, cucumbers and sweet potatoes.

   

Landscape Blunders to Avoid

  

Free Summer Gardening Classes

August 17: Vacation Landscapes, Less Work

August 24: Cutting Time, Work in the Yard

September 7:Fall To-Do List for a Healthy Yard

Spring and Fall . . . the best seasons to be adding to our landscapes. When thinking of altering your home’s landscape, remember the 60% rule. It dictates the perfect balance between plants and the inanimate objects in your yard. It specifies that 60% of an outdoor property should be comprised of living breathing plants. This percentage of plants is an excellent design guide. Too many plants and your home could look like it’s set in a jungle; with too few plants the house will be standing in what’s called the Arizona Lunar Effect.

Without enough plants you risk imitating the Mac-mansion on top of the hill in a horror film; the buildings starkly protrude into the barren landscape, hard and unnatural. This is the cold, dark feeling projected on a neighborhood from a landscape lacking basic foundational plantings and proper tree placement. As landscape plants reach the 60% mark the property’s architectural elements appear more like the warm, inviting home we all long to have.

Experienced gardeners know that great gardens are a process, not a destination, and the wisest gardeners learn from each other’s mistakes. In my many efforts to create the gardens I see in my mind’s eye I’ve had my share of blunders. Here are some avoidable mistakes that you can take from Ken’s gardening school of hard knocks.

Subsoil on top. This is at the top on my list of avoidable landscaping mistakes. I have learned that mountain builders and developers carve off the topsoil from a home’s building site, leaving only the subsoil. As a result, homeowners are left to grow things in soil that is almost impossible to nurture any plant life. This is why I repeatedly write about composted and organic amendments in landscaping and the use of shredded bark as topdressing. You can never replace the topsoil lost, but you can amend planting beds and/or individual plants to create the environment your landscape needs. It is so important to add fresh organic topdressing every year to every garden.

Wrong plant in the wrong place. The previous owner of our home loved holly and had planted holly throughout the yard. The yard is relentlessly hot and sunny, and holly cannot stand up to hot, full sun conditions. Those poor little hollies struggled to survive until I repositioned them in parts of the yard that catered to their needs. BEFORE you plant, know the light, soil, and water conditions your prospective garden additions require. As your landscape changes, and it invariably does, note whether you need to transplant something to a more suitable location or thin it out of the landscape altogether.

Out of proportion. A nearby ranch home in our neighborhood is all but obliterated from view by two gigantic deodar cedars. Years ago, when they were planted in front of the house, they probably started out as cute Christmas trees. Seventy feet later (and 25 feet wide), they allow only the slightest glimpse of the home hiding behind their branches. Don’t plant trees or shrubs in areas where they won’t have room to grow. If necessary, consult with the plant experts at your local garden center. Their expertise is well worth the cost and the extra travel and shopping time.

Too busy. When you’re an enthusiastic gardener, it’s fun to have one of everything. But, planted here and there throughout the garden can result in an unsettling, “too busy” look. Try to congregate your one-of-a-kinds into one area or find a way to pull the look together by repeating some of the same colors and plants in other parts of the landscape.

All the Same. If you want to camouflage a 100-foot length of a neighbor’s chain link fence, there may be a better way than planting red tipped photinia every four feet. Besides being monotonous, too many of the same type of plant sets up a monoculture, which can become susceptible to an invasion of pests. How much more fun to have a selection of viburnums, cotoneaster, silverberry, blackberries, currants, and other flowering and fruiting shrubs that provide multi-season viewing interest and provides varying feed for the birds.


Right now in our landscapes the Arizona Smoke Tree has stolen the show. Its dramatic smoke-like flowers form in clusters that smolder brightly above the prized 12′ tall tree. This dynamic Southwestern plant grows in more colors than most gardeners realize, but they all have the same wispy flowers that hover above the dark royal purple to chartreuse foliage. This truly is a heat lover, but it’s worth planting now for the scarlet leaves that appear in fall. This tree is on my Yavapai Friendly plant list for really tough, low water use plants.


While a picture is worth a 1,000 words when it comes to describing a flower, video is the only way to share the feeling of a garden. With a fancy new pocket video recorder and a quick upload I can record the creative local landscapes that I regularly seem to find. Consequently, every day on my Facebook page, in the section entitled the “30 Second Plant Tip of the Day”, I post one new picture and a different video of local gardens. This week it has plant highlights from the Yavapai College campus. All flower pictures and videos can be viewed at www.facebook.com/watters1815 .


Garden Class – This Saturday’s 9:30 a.m. gardening class is entitled “Cutting Time Work in the Yard”. After this class you no longer will be a slave to your landscape. You’ll take home lots of shortcuts, tips and tricks that can turn any garden project into fast work. An ounce of know-how can prevent hours of work!  Best of all, this informative class is fun filled and FREE.

Until next week, I’ll see you in the garden center.

 

Daffodil Planting along Marathon Route

Posted by Carol Stocker, who will answer your garden questions live on line this Thursday 1-2 p.m.
Marathon Daffodils is a collaboration of nonprofit organizations, gardeners, cities and towns, organizations, businesses, and citizens interested in preserving the spirit of the Boston Marathon and Boston Strong, while embracing the tradition of celebrating the arrival of Spring to Boston.

Some of Massachusetts top horticultural organizations, partnering with communities and volunteers plan to plant daffodils along the 26.5 mile Boston Marathon route, to create a new event “Marathon Daffodils.” Tower Hill Botanic Garden, The Massachusetts Horticultural Society, New England Wildflower Society, The Garden Club Federation, The Town of Brookline Parks, The Charles River Conservancy, the Master Gardeners and other groups have agreed to collaborate. The goal is to raise $1000 per mile for a total of $26,500 from Hopkinton to Boston.

“We want to do something to lift the spirits of the community, in support of Boston Marathon 2014 and Boston Strong,” said Diane Valle, volunteer and organizer.

“We are excited to participate,” said Kathy Abbott, Executive Director of Tower Hill Botanic Garden, “because we believe Marathon Daffodils represent Spring and rebirth. This is a great community building opportunity.”

Plans include outreach to supporters and volunteers from young to old; and novices to Master Gardeners; to plant daffodils. “Marathon Daffodil” donations are welcome, sent to The Cooperative Bank, 201 Main Street, Charlestown, MA 02129. Without contributions this project will not be possible.

“With your support, the planting of daffodils is to commence in October. We hope you do what you can to rally the private homeowners to follow our lead and plant daffodils” said Kathy Thomas, Former Garden Club Federation President and horticultural activist.

For more information: contact Diane Valle, Marathondaffodils@gmail.com 617.791-5663

What can Master Gardeners and Garden Club members do?
Help raise funds to make the project possible.
Help with the distribution and planting of bulbs.
Help by contacting your friends and neighbors forward the press-release.
If you know a business that may want to donate fund please share our mission.
Volunteer to coordinate a specific planting location with youth groups.
Help find students in need of community service to help plant.
If you live in a town along the route getting planted, help coordinate with the DPW Town Officials.