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Seed catalogs a tantalizing peak at possibilities

SALISBURY — Mailboxes are already flowing with those colorful magazines known as seed catalogs. With their vibrant colors and exciting details, it makes every gardener ready for the growing season.

If you haven’t created your garden design, now is the time to do so. If you order sooner, rather than later, some of the seed companies offer free shipping.

I know most people want to start diving into the pages, but you really need to have a plan or garden design. Designing your garden can be fun for the entire family. You can even create a garden topic and only plant items that fit within your idea (such as pizza gardens, spaghetti gardens, soup gardens, etc.).

If you have planted in your garden in prior years, make sure for this year’s growing season you practice crop rotation. If you can make sure that no area has had the same plant family for at least three years, this will reduce your pest and disease problems.

Make decisions

If you are a first-time gardener, you may get overwhelmed with how much to buy and what to buy. First, you should think about what type of garden you would like. Do you want to have cool season crops or warm season or maybe both? Once that is decided, you need to have a spot picked out that receives at least six hours of full sunlight.

It is also important to take a soil sample before you plant, since it can tell you how much lime and fertilizer the soil needs. If space is limited, make sure you select plants that produces a high quantity to get a decent harvest. For example, if you have raised beds, sweet corn will not produce as well as squash.

Determining how much you should plant can be tricky, but it should be based on how many people are in your household, if you are planning to can or preserve any of the harvest, and if you are sharing with other families.

Additional help

This Cooperative Extension publication helps with determining how many plants you should have per person: http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/hil/ag-06.html

First-time gardeners may have some confusion with seed catalogs’ terminology. Most catalogs have legends, but sometimes the words can still be confusing. Heirloom or open pollinated are two interchangeable words. This type of seed has become huge in demand since they are deemed to be “heritage” seed passed down from generation to generation, hence the word heirloom.

Same every year

Open pollinated also means true to type and you can harvest the seed to grow next year’s crop and receive the same plant it was harvested from.

Hybrid seeds are plants bred for certain characteristics, they have two different parents and you cannot save the seed from them and expect the same plant.

The best way to pick your varieties is by asking friends and family or picking some varieties you have enjoyed. I always enjoy trying some unusual crops, but I never buy more than a small amount, since some will not perform as well in our climate.

It is important to check with your local Cooperative Extension agent to see what crops do well in our area. Since seed catalogs are shipped across the country, some plants do not do as well here as other areas.

For more information contact your local Cooperative Extension agent at 704-216-8970.


How to rob a bank in the 21st century

Journalism was my second-choice for a career. In actual fact I wanted to be a bank robber. The guns, the one-liners, the money — I wanted it all. It wasn’t fear holding me back, as such, it was simply the fact that you couldn’t hold up a bank these days the way they did back maybe 30, 40 — or even 20 — years ago. But, like a concert pianist with stubby fingers, or a ballerina with a bum leg, I still pore over my childhood dream with obsession, crying late into the night over blueprints and plastic explosives.

I never told you any of this, mum.

But I’m gonna be straight: These days, you can’t rob banks with a classic “stick ’em up,” have the teller fill your bag, and escape in your get-away vehicle. It’s just not going to happen. These days biometric technologies (eye/fingerprint scanning and the like), time-locked vaults, silent alarms, exploding dye packs — sometimes concealed within the money itself — will make a hash job of your heist.

You’re not out of options: Crafty criminals have adapted to new technologies almost as fast as banks have been installing them. Security has moved into a more digital era — yes — but its dangers are that they are now automated and that the people using them barely understand the technology. A criminal with a sound understanding of the fairly common-place technologies used in bank security is already fast on their way to understanding how the break open the bank… or better: ‘Lift’ the ‘joint’.

Go where the money is

If you’re happy to get “stuck in” with the bank robbing process, there are quite a few options available. On a relatively small scale, you can use clone debit cards, which can hack a bank from an ATM. For this to be effective, you’d need to disable the ATM’s withdrawal limit, which mean you could withdraw more than the allotted few hundred dollars a day. The key to a good heist is speed: If you’re slow, you get caught. Hackers can disable withdrawal fees online — in the U.S. at least. Alternatively, these intrepid individuals used oxyacetylene welders to bust open ATMs and just took the money. They kept portable acetylene tanks on-hand to perform the task over the course of a night.

A little more hardcore is the Brazilian bank heist that took place in 2005. A group of men bought a house in central Fortaleza, in the province of Ceará. They put up a sign calling themselves a landscaping company and over the course of three months tunneled beneath the house toward the vault of a Banco Central. They were meticulous — disabling the bank’s alarm system before the grab, and spreading burnt lime around the property to prevent finger prints. The money — 160 million real-dollars ($73.2 million, £45.6 million) — was unmarked, meaning tracing was impossible.

Brazil recovered less than R$9 million of that money, and eight of a possible 25 perpetrators. But a word of caution: It wasn’t all plain sailing after their success. The head of the operation — Luis Ribeiro — was killed in a botched robbery of the money he’d made. Many others in the gang are thought to be victims of kidnapping in return for a ransom. Ultimately, the moral is mum’s the word, both for the police and the people around you.

Alternatively, there are the “smart” methods — although to be fair, tunneling under a bank isn’t exactly easy. In September 2013, a group of thieves successfully stole 1.3 million pounds ($2.1 million) from the British bank Barclays. The “Barclays Gang” posed as IT workers and, during their “operation,” set a KVM (keyboard-video-mouse) which allows someone to access the computer remotely. They then siphoned off the money — transferring it from customer accounts to their own bank accounts. This is apparently a “hot” technique — so get it while you can before the opportunity closes.

There are, of course, phishing scams to think of. We’ve all gotten the email — “Nigerian general”, “Lloyds will close your account” etc. — but how effective are they? Apparently, annually about 0.5 percent of a bank’s customers will fall for phishing scams, and the money made could be very small, break-even amounts, to the tune of $10 million. A scam set-up is said to cost in the region of $500. Not a direct bank robbery, but you get there in the end. More to the point, would Robin Hood go phishing? Probably not.

There’s a few things to remember about living your life afterward. If the money is “marked,” i.e. if it is identifiable as stolen currency, you need to deposit it abroad or look for “unscrupulous” individuals. Don’t flaunt your money, for goodness sake. If you had the patience to plan the heist, have the patience to spend it at an inauspicious rate. Alternatively, you could money launder Breaking Bad-style. I’m not recommending this course of action, just saying it exists.

Well, there’s some ideas to kick around on a rainy day. Crime can pay, if you’ve got the smarts, the right guys, and a little seed money. The most important thing to remember is: Do the unexpected. Be “the smartest guy in the room.” Don’t get caught. And whatever you do, do NOT take me seriously. I’m just joking. Jeez. Chill.

More from The Kernel…

A repurposed rural oasis is designed for hosting

Much has happened to Paul Schaff and Brenda Rosin-Schaff’s New Berlin home since it was built in the 1890s.

It started out as a small four-bedroom farmhouse. Then it more than doubled in size when a former owner added a 10-car attached garage.

When Paul bought it about 10 years ago, the house was sound structurally, but it needed updating. So he gutted the kitchen and turned part of the garage into a bar and TV area with bedrooms above.

But the biggest changes happened 5 ½ years ago when Brenda moved in and the couple merged households.

She painted and redecorated the home’s five bedrooms, 4 ½ baths, kitchen, dining room, living room, large entryway, bar, TV area, laundry room and a common area on the second floor. At the same time she made extensive repairs to outbuildings on their 3-acre property, then furnished them mainly with pieces she repurposed.

“The barn and chicken coop were in poor condition,” Paul said. “The roof in the barn was riddled with holes, and rain would come in. The chicken coop was on the verge of collapse….We either had to pay money to renovate them or pay to have them torn down.”

Today their property — called Wildcat Creek Farm after the creek that runs alongside their property — is warm and comfortable, with distinctive pieces at every turn.

“Paul allowed me the freedom to decorate the house and outbuildings any way I wanted,” Brenda said. “He trusted my judgment.”

“She knows how to put things together, especially in reusing materials,” Paul said. “I had renovated the house, but she took it to a whole new level. And the barn and chicken coop, that really was her major undertaking.”

Repurposing pieces is something Brenda loves, in part because she was brought up not to waste things and to be creative.

“I have a lot of creative energy,” she said. “Every day I wake up and I’m excited because I always have a project to work on.”

These projects often include using pieces that have sentimental value, an interesting story or are given to her by friends. She also hunts for pieces at rummage sales and discount stores.

Two favorite pieces with sentimental value are an antique fishing lure and a mounted lake trout in the home’s TV area.

“Paul’s not a fisherman, but he caught that fish,” Brenda said. “The fishing lure is the first gift he gave me — not flowers. That hooked me. It was the fact that he listened to what I told him was important to me.” For Brenda, that was nature and conservation projects.

She said that after they met, Paul joined the Badger Fisherman’s League, the oldest non-profit conservation league in the state. She has been a member of the group since she was a child, and both are now on the board. Paul is a co-owner of Schaff Funeral Home in West Allis; Brenda does volunteer and community work.

No matter what area of the property she’s working on, Brenda does much of the work herself but gets help from professionals as needed.

Two helpers she counts on regularly are her grandmother, Bev Bolling, and Bev’s friend Maybelle “Toots” Pezewski, both of Sussex.

“They’re my cohorts in crime,” Brenda said. “My grandmother helps me with a lot of sewing things. She helped me make curtains in the silo, cornice boards in the kitchen and dining room and runners for our wedding. Paul and I were married here two years ago. I come up with the ideas; they help me execute them.”

During a late-fall visit, the couple talked about their home and how it has changed over the years.

Q. What are some of the home’s amenities?

Paul: The chicken coop and barn. We also have two gas fireplaces in the house, original beams in part of the kitchen and the dining area, and a field stone basement.

Q. How do you use the outbuildings?

Brenda: We use them for entertaining friends and family, and we’ve also hosted a few events in them for friends and family members. I’d like to use them to host charity events one day.

Q. What are examples of pieces you got from friends and repurposed?

Brenda: I’m using an old copper sink with a pump and an old farm table in the chicken coop. I reupholstered and painted four church pews for the barn, and I turned an old work bench into a buffet/bar with wheels for the barn.

Q.What’s your favorite room in the house?

Brenda: The yellow bedroom with the four-poster bed, because I just redid it. It has lots of light and good views of our courtyard. Also, the back bedroom, which is done in gray. From there I can see the wood bridge on our property and the barn. That room has the best views.

Paul: The pub. It reminds me of being in Europe in a pub. It’s where family and friends meet over a glass of beer. It’s homey to me.

Q. Your favorite spots in the outbuildings?

Brenda: I like to relax on the leather couch in the chicken coop. If the window is open, I can hear Wildcat Creek. I also like to sit on the couches in the barn’s lower level because I can look out the window and see nature.

Paul: The lower level of the barn, too, because I like looking out the windows. When I’m there I wonder what it was like when they actually used it as a barn in the early 1900s.

Q. Which of your five bedrooms do you use?

Brenda: We use all of them now. When we were first married, Paul’s daughter and son and my son lived here and used some of them.

Q. Who painted the bird motif in the first-floor bathroom?

Brenda: Paul’s mom, Sandy Schaff of West Allis. We call it the birdbath. I put a birdcage in there.

Q. How big is your home?

Paul: Just shy of 5,000 square feet, and we have a four-car garage. But we can only get two cars in there. Brenda stores pieces in there that she plans to repurpose one day.

Brenda: I’m not a hoarder, but I do save things I can use in some way down the road.

Q. What are the pluses and minuses of having such a big property?

Brenda: We have so many spots where we can entertain. The downside is there’s a lot to keep up.

Q.Any setbacks since you started making changes?

Brenda: Wildcat Creek has flooded the coop and the barn more than once. This year improvements were made to the creek, and it hasn’t flooded since. When we started remodeling the outbuildings, we were trying to save them from the flooding….We kept going to the next level.

Q. Did you make changes in the gardens?

Brenda: When I moved here, there was landscaping immediately around the house. I added more gardens, a number of waking paths and an allée on the north side of our house that runs from our courtyard to the backyard. Allée is a French word for a walkway lined with trees and shrubs. I got a lot of the flowers from friends; some I even found on the curb. I’m also a member of the Elmbrook and New Berlin Garden Clubs.

I also added a lot of mulch this year. When the creek would flood, I’d lose a lot of plants and mulch. This year I hauled 70 trailers of mulch from the recycling center.

Q. What’s in your court-yard?

Brenda: A hot tub, herb garden, arbors, decorative metal fencing and a fountain I found on Craigslist.

Q. Any more projects to do?

Brenda: We have two separate basements. I call one the creepy basement, and I’d like to turn it into a wine room. It has stone walls and was a natural cellar. It’s too cool of an area architecturally not to do something with it.

Do you, or does someone you know, have a cool, funky or exquisite living space that you’d like to see featured in At Home? Contact Entree home and garden editor Tina Maples at (414) 223-5500 or email tmaples@journalsentinel.com.

Vandals steal landscaping equipment from Carmichael nature area – Merced Sun

The Earl J. Koobs Nature Area in Carmichael got a rough start to the new year after vandals broke into a shed and stole lawn mowers and other landscaping equipment worth more than $5,000 in total.

The 4.6-acre nature area, next to the former La Sierra High School, has become a base of exploration for students studying the environment since its establishment in 1971.

On Thursday afternoon, Linda Jones, chairwoman of the nonprofit committee overseeing the area, waited anxiously for Sacramento County sheriff’s deputies to arrive and take a report. Without the equipment, she said, volunteers would struggle to maintain the landscaping.

“I can’t imagine what they did to get this off,” Jones said, pointing to the large brown door of the shed, now half open.

She said the break-in happened between Tuesday evening and Thursday morning.

The door wasn’t just pried open with a crowbar. Instead, vandals dismantled it altogether by unbolting the sliding mechanism.

With its lush grass and tall oak trees, the plot of land inside one of Sacramento County’s older suburbs is a reminder of simpler days. Volunteer crews maintain the preserve year-round, mowing the grass to prevent fires.

A steady stream of supporters and friends – and even Earl J. Koobs himself – stopped by as word of the burglary spread.

Koobs, 94, was a key figure in founding the preserve when he taught biology at La Sierra High.

“The kids gave me hope that this country would rise again,” said the soft-spoken Koobs, a World War II Navy veteran.

Half an hour earlier, committee member Glen Pinnegar peered into the damaged shed. Pinnegar already had ideas for preventing a repeat of what happened, perhaps by building a wrought-iron fence all around.

But he noted, “If someone wants in, there’s nothing you can do to stop them.”

Over the last few decades, thousands have been touched by the nature area. Elementary-school students hike the trails and observe monarch butterflies during the school year. Countless Eagle Scout projects have been completed inside, including a network of elevated boardwalk trails and an information booth.

The nature area also is home the state’s first-known Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Jones said. About 200 people gather there on Veterans Day every November to remember lost lives.

One thing preserve volunteers share is a sense of community.

Jones, who has led the steering committee for 18 years, said her upbringing in rural Los Altos Hills pushes her to keep the area open. She could hardly contain her enthusiasm as she pored through a scrapbook of old newspaper clippings showcasing the nature area’s history.

“Community,” Jones said. “That’s something to be happy for.”

Call The Bee’s Richard Chang at (916) 321-1018. Follow him on Twitter @RichardYChang.

Longwood lawn battle brewing

LONGWOOD, Fla. (WOFL FOX 35 ORLANDO) –

Some neighbors want a Longwood man to clean up his yard. But he says it’s a garden and has every right to keep it.

Sean Law loves his garden. He has all sorts of fruits and vegetables growing in his back and front yard.

“We have to grow gardens and food everywhere on the Earth, not just in or outside of city limits,” said Sean Law who refuses to mow his lawn.

He says it’s nature’s beauty to have overgrown lawns and dead trees. He’s using a state ordinance called “Florida Friendly Landscaping” to defend his garden.

“The city says I’m violating city code, they can’t say that we don’t like the way it looks because that’s a violation of your first amendment and yard displays upheld it,” said Law.

Longwood commissioners disagree.

“He’s arguing that doing nothing is Florida Friendly whereas real Florida Friendly Landscaping is manicured bushes, pathways, things to conserve water and attract wildlife while at the same time controlling pests,” said Longwood Deputy Mayor Joe Durso.

Neighbors are furious.

“If he wishes to live that way which is his choice go to an area that accepts that. That means you go out to ranch land,” said a neighbor Kathy Ettman.

“We have all kinds of weird animals, rodents and stuff, and bugs. I have bugs that I’ve never seen before come in my house,” said Bobbie Corbitt who lives right next door to Law.

Law says it’s not his fault.

“There are ants in the world. I’m not God I didn’t put ants in the world,” he said.

“We’re constantly coming out giving code violations and there’s just a refusal to comply with city code,” said Longwood Police Officer Kevin Tuck.

Sean Law fought back. He went to the district court to fight the city to let him keep his Florida friendly landscaping. He lost so he appealed. He lost again. Now he’s filed a case with the Florida Supreme Court.

“We’ll see if they accept the case or not,” said Law.

Law says he will continue to grow his pineapples, sugar canes, and bananas despite what his neighbors have to say.

“I don’t blame the people because people are tricked by the TV no offense to you guys,” state Law.

Longwood Commissioners will discuss the extent of the case this Monday and will take further action.

CCWD goes native

Using her wealth of knowledge and love of gardening, Mountain Ranch resident Judy Dean has designed the grounds of Calaveras County Water District’s new headquarters for free.


Dean said her design was a “public-spirited” service.

“I can contribute by giving an idea of what to plant without wasting money,” she said.

On her 8-acre property, Dean has planted about 700 varieties of historic roses, various cacti and succulents, and hundreds of rhododendrons, antique camellias, irises and lilacs. She has studied landscaping for more than 25 years and owns more than 3,000 books on plants.

“She knows plants’ names better than peoples’ names,” said her husband Bob Dean, a CCWD board director, who recommended his wife as the grounds’ landscape architect.

Jeff Meyer, CCWD’s director of financial planning, said the county required a landscaping plan for the district’s new building.

“We want to be responsible and cost-effective,” he said.

When the water district put out a request for bids, it received one response of more than $50,000, Bob Dean said. As an alternative, he offered his wife’s services. He estimated the total expense of the landscaping will cost about 20 percent of the offered bid, “hopefully less.”

Since Judy Dean took on the landscaping, the project has morphed into something of a community effort. Calaveras Tree Nursery offered a significant discount of about 40 percent off the native oaks purchased and Carson Hill Rock Products donated the decorative and structural rocks for the grounds.

In the spring, CCWD will host a plant sale for the Sierra Foothills Chapter of the Native Plants Society. Dean said she wants to collaborate with the Calaveras Master Gardeners, a group that has a demonstration garden and plant sales in San Andreas.

Beyond the events, Mitch Dion, general manager of CCWD, said he hopes the site can be an everyday educational facility.

“Long-term, people can see how native plants work in landscaping,” he said.

Bob Dean said this was an ideal opportunity to act upon the 2009 Water Legislation, which mandated urban water suppliers to reduce statewide per capita water consumption by 20 percent by 2020.

As such, Judy Dean was intentional in her design. She incorporated a wide palate of drought-tolerant and cold-hardy plants. Almost all of the 280 varieties of trees and plants will be drought-tolerant, and 100 of them will be native to the area.

Dean compared landscaping the grounds to completing a crossword puzzle.

“You’re matching the plants to the site,” she said.

She said the natural surroundings of oaks and grasses influenced her design. And the building itself, with its clean lines and neutral colors, suits the environment.

“Our job, as we see it, is to soften it and give it some dimension, volume, height,” she said of the “cracker flat” building. “It’s good to blend seamlessly with the natural landscape.”

Dean said there were a few key elements in her strategy: staying low-maintenance, working with the existing views, and protecting and enhancing architectural features.

She avoided plants with invasive roots, rolling seeds and oozy fruits.

“You don’t want a mess to clean up,” she said. “You want something easy to control.”

The plants and trees will need to be watered every couple weeks for two years, she said. After that, she said they may only need to be watered a couple times every summer. The grounds will be drip irrigated and will incorporate both deciduous and evergreen trees.

“There will be assorted things to catch your eye in every season,” she said.

For example, in the shady picnic-lunch area behind the building, Dean hopes to plant Japanese maples, which will bloom orange and yellow in the spring and change color throughout the year.

She said seasonable and daily variations are not the only shifts in plants’ appearance. As the plants grow, their relationships to each other and the building change.

“Gardening is a movable artistic experience,” she said. “Plants and rocks are endlessly entertaining.”

Dean said this has been an enjoyable project for her because it is a new challenge. Whereas her gardens at home evolved over time, the CCWD grounds were planned ahead of time with acute attention to detail.

“It exercises my mind,” she said. “The more I do, the more I learn for myself and I can integrate it together.”

Dion hopes the lesson of water-wise gardening can extend to the community.

“The goal is to demonstrate on a backyard-sized scale,” Dion said. “We are going into a drought, gang. What do you do? You go native.”

5 Hot Garden Designs For 2014

Created: 01/01/2014 7:04 AM WHEC.com

By: Networx

Hop on Pop! Hops are big in gardening this year.   Photo: Andy Rogers/FlickrWinter is my favorite time of year to hunker down and dream up my future landscaping plans. It’s the new year, which means I’m filled with resolve, excitement, and lots of ambition. And although it may be cold and dark outside, I know that in a few months the sunny days will return, and we’ll all be shuffling outside onto our San Diego patios for another glorious spring and summer.

Taking a little time right now to plot your garden projects is the best way to make it easier on yourself come planting season. With a solid plan in place you can hit the ground running, which means you’ll be grilling, playing, relaxing, and just generally enjoying that brand new landscaping, before you know it.

So if you’re looking to give your outdoor space a little facelift this year, then check out these hot new trends in garden and patio design, as forecast for 2014 by some of the nation’s top landscaping experts.

1. Sustainability Is Here To Stay

It’s been gaining popularity and it’s still going strong! Sustainability is the future, and in terms of your yard that means native and drought-tolerant plants over traditional lawns or turfgrass, and generally a more low-maintenance approach to landscaping. Done right, with a mixture of native flowers and hardy shrubs, this low-impact landscaping is as aesthetic and economical as it is environmental.

2. The More Edible, The Better

Farmer’s Markets are swell and all, but there’s nothing that quite compares to eating food so fresh it’s still warm from the sun. Keep things pretty with a mix of both ornamentals and edibles, interspersing vegetal and decorative species. This way, you’ll be able to forage amongst the flowers! And around the front, banish the boring grass — fruit, herb, and even vegetable gardens are all considered acceptable in a modern suburban front yard.

3. Create A Compost Corner

Composting — the process of turning kitchen scraps and other organic matter into usable, mineral-rich garden dirt — is one of the fastest-growing gardening trends for the new year. According to some experts, “composting is the new recycling.”

4. Native Rules!

Native plants are ideal because they’re so easy to maintain once they’ve been established, and these low-maintenance yards are one of the hottest trends in the coming year. Native plants are great for attracting local pollinators like butterflies, birds, and bees, and they’re already equipped to handle the surrounding climate. They’re ready to take on anything Mother Nature might throw their way, which makes things a whole lot easier for you.

5. Grow Your Own Booze

Cocktail culture is certainly en vogue, and so is growing your own fruit and herbs for said cocktails. However, that’s the entry-level stuff left to amateurs. The true enthusiasts are taking it all the way: growing hops to brew their own beer, and tending grapes to make their own wine. They call them “fermentation gardens,” and they’re all the rage!

Overall, the focus in landscaping design has switched from a fussy, overdone ideal, to a more simplified, authentic, and freeform feel. It’s a return to basics with an emphasis on elegance, wilderness, and quality over quantity. And, bonus points if your gardens produce something edible or drinkable as well.

So, are you ready to welcome the outdoor seasons? Start planning!

Sayward Rebhal writes for Networx.com.

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Some tips for gardening in cold season




We don’t normally think about our landscapes and gardens very much during the winter months, but here are a few helpful plant tips that you may wish to consider on these cold season days:

• Avoid heavy traffic and playing on dormant lawns now, as dry turf is easily broken and the crowns of turf plants may be severely damaged or killed. This damage may show up next spring and summer as thin or poorly growing turf areas.

• Flower and vegetable garden seeds stored under warm, moist conditions deteriorate rapidly, and sometimes actually rot. Be sure to keep your seed stored in a cool, dry location, like a cellar or basement. If you can’t do this, it will be best to buy fresh seed each season. And speaking of ordering seed, now is a good time to check through your seed catalogs and place your orders before varieties sell out.

• Save your plastic mesh bags in which oranges usually come because they make ideal storage bags for air-drying bulbs, herbs, onions and gourds. Check any bulbs, tubers or corms that you currently have in storage and discard any that are soft or diseased.

• Examine the limb structure of your shade trees and remove any dead, diseased and/or storm-damaged branches now before they fall and cause damage to any plants or passers-by below.

• While you are traveling about each day, keep an eye open for plants with interesting winter form or color that you may wish to incorporate into your own landscape.

• If feeding birds is one of your favorite hobbies, order vines, shrubs and trees that provide cover and small fruits for your feathered friends. Consider planting species such as crabapple, hawthorn, dogwood, holly, cotoneaster and pyracantha that can help lure and feed hungry birds.

• Clip and bring branches of forsythia, pussy willow, quince, spirea and dogwood indoors for forcing blooms inside the home. Make long, slanted cuts when collecting branches and place the stems in a vase of water as soon as possible. These plants should bloom in two to three weeks.

• Water newly-planted shrubs and trees in the landscape when the soil becomes dry if no rain occurs for more than two weeks. Pay particular attention to evergreen shrubs and trees as their leaves transpire water whenever air temperatures rise above 40 degrees Fahrenheit.

• Design a flower bed for the shady spots in your landscape. Plan to use shade-tolerant plants such as astilbe, begonia, bleeding hearts, browallia, coleus, ferns, helleborus, hosta and impatiens. Several good shade-tolerant groundcovers include: ajuga, hypericum, English ivy, liriope, mondo grass, pachysandra, vinca and winter creeper.

• During cold snaps, invert large flowerpots over semi-hardy perennials such as dusty miller for protection from low temperatures and wind.

• Check houseplants often to be sure they are receiving enough light and water. Most indoor plants prefer a well-lit location like a south or west-facing window. Don’t place houseplants near a heat vent, on top of the TV, next to a door, etc. as hot and cold air are hard on them. When watering, use your own built-in water meter. Stick your finger 1 inch into the potting soil and if the soil feels dry at that level, then it’s time to water. Check to be sure that water drains completely through the soil ball from top to bottom and exits through the drainage holes.

• When fertilizing houseplants during winter months, use only about half the rate recommended. Houseplants grow less rapidly during cooler months, so they don’t need as much fertilizer now. The ideal temperature should be around 70 degrees in the daytime and 60 degrees at night.

• Reposition stepping stones in your lawn that have heaved up or sunk below the grass level. Carefully lift them up, spread sand in the low areas and then replace them. A bed of sand under stepping stones will aid in drainage and decrease sinking and heaving next year.

• Turn or rototill your vegetable garden to expose weed seeds, nematodes and insects that are over-wintering in the soil to the elements. Exposing insects and weed seeds to cold air and drying winds will help reduce their numbers in your garden.

• Take hardwood cuttings of forsythia, spirea, Japanese quince, mock-orange, Viburnum and other deciduous shrubs. Tie bundles of deciduous cuttings together, and bury in sand in a cold frame. Remove in early spring, and plant in a nursery bed.

• Continue to turn your compost pile, adding leaves and yard debris.

Randy Drinkard is a retired technical writer for The UGA Center for Urban Agriculture and ANR Agent for Troup Cooperative Extension. The Troup County Extension office is located at 114 Church St. in LaGrange and may be reached at 706-883-1675, Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.

This week’s gardening tips: veggies to plant in January and New Year’s …

Vegetables to plant in January include: beets, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, collards, kale, kohlrabi, lettuce, mustard, onions, radishes, shallots, snow peas, spinach, Swiss chard, turnips. Plant seeds of tomatoes and peppers in greenhouses or under lights indoors in mid to late January to produce transplants to be planted out in March.

  • Only use garden pesticides when the problem has been properly identified and they are absolutely necessary. There is no need to spray an insecticide, for instance, every time you see a bug or minor damage. When a pesticide is recommended, always ask for the least toxic product that will do the job.
  • Try to avoid creating a landscape that demands more time and maintenance than you can keep up with and enjoy. It’s important to design a landscape that only requires as much maintenance time and effort as you have to give. Remember lawn areas and flowerbeds are high maintenance.
  • Start off the New Year with great gardening information. For information on a wide variety of garden topics specifically for Louisiana, check out the LSU AgCenter web site at www.lsuagcenter.com. Click on “Lawn Garden” or “Get It Growing”.
  • A few gardening resolutions: Pick more garden flowers for indoor vases; Show a child the wonders of gardening; Read a new gardening book; Attend as many educational gardening opportunities as possible; Try a new plant; Correct landscape problems and mistakes rather than just living with them, Subscribe to a gardening magazine; Stay on top of weeding this year.

Some tips while planning your garden

SALISBURY — The New Year has arrived and we’re all contemplating how we can improve our landscapes and vegetable gardens. The annual gesture of self-improvement and moderation often becomes a test of one’s will. Below are resolutions for home gardeners for the upcoming year that are easy and are obtainable goals.

Have a plan — Impulse buying and planting without a viable plan can be a problem as a landscape matures. Overgrown plants, improperly spaced plant material, diseased or non-adapted plant material are typical problems associated with impulse planting.

Solicit the help of reputable and qualified nurserymen, an Extension Master Gardener volunteer, commercial landscaper or Cooperative Extension before planting if you have any doubts about your plant material. Look for more gardening information from Cooperative Extension through classes and other media outlets.

Calendars and apps — Label your calendar for gardening chores that must be done and follow them. The window of opportunity for many gardening activities is quite narrow and must be followed in order to have a successful growing season. Keep this calendar handy for quick reference. Take time to file away bits and pieces of useful information on your computer, iPad or tablet you got for Christmas. Keep the files readily accessible to periodically update or delete out-of-date information. Have it close to the “to do” list.

There are more than 100 apps featuring gardening information from beginning gardening to gardens in England. Be aware as information on the Internet can be misleading and downright false. So can some tablet apps. Apps often have information that may be correct but not really applicable to your gardening scenario.

Different varieties — Home vegetable gardeners and flower gardeners often plant the same varieties each season. While it makes sense to “stick with a winner,” there are new varieties of vegetables and flowers that warrant a homeowner trial. All-America Selections have been extensively tested and are generally a good choice, whether it’s a vegetable, fruit or flower selection. Be sure to label new varieties and make notes about growth, development and other pertinent characteristics during the growing season. These notes may be instrumental in selection of next season’s crop.

Maintenance — Take time during the dead of winter when not in use to maintain power equipment. An oil change or tune-up extends the longevity of gasoline powered equipment. Sharpen lawnmower blades to help reduce engine wear, improve the turf’s appearance and reduce the incidence of disease. Sharpen or replace pruner blades. Replace all seals and gaskets in hand pump sprayers now so you will be ready when the pests of spring arrive.

Darrell Blackwelder is the County Extension director with horticulture responsibilities with the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service in Rowan County. Learn more about Cooperative Extension events and activities on Facebook or at www.rowanextension.com